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HomeBackend DevelopmentPython TutorialPython中使用dom模块生成XML文件示例

在Python中解析XML文件也有Dom和Sax两种方式,这里先介绍如何是使用Dom解析XML,这一篇文章是Dom生成XML文件,下一篇文章再继续介绍Dom解析XML文件。

在生成XML文件中,我们主要使用下面的方法来完成。

主要方法

1、生成XML节点(node)

代码如下:


createElement("node_name")


2、给节点添加属性值(Attribute)

代码如下:


node.setAttribute("att_name", "arr_value")


3、节点的标签值(data)

代码如下:


createTextNode("node_value")


其中第1、3点在创建完节点(节点值)之后,还需使用下面的方法添加到指点的节点的位置下面:

代码如下:


prev_node.appendChild(cur_node)


这里的prev_node要添加节点的上一层节点,而cur_node即为当前要添加的节点了。

代码演示

下面用代码来演示下如何使用Dom来生成XML,这个是简单版本,如下:

代码如下:


'''
Created on 2012-8-28 
 
@author:  walfred
@module: domxml.genXML 
@description:
''' 
import xml.dom.minidom as Dom 
 
if __name__ == "__main__": 
    doc = Dom.Document() 
    root_node = doc.createElement("book_store") 
    root_node.setAttribute("name", "newhua") 
    root_node.setAttribute("website", "http://www.bitsCN.com") 
    doc.appendChild(root_node) 
 
    book_node = doc.createElement("book1") 
 
    book_name_node = doc.createElement("name") 
    book_name_value = doc.createTextNode("hamlet") 
    book_name_node.appendChild(book_name_value) 
    book_node.appendChild(book_name_node) 
 
    book_author_node = doc.createElement("author") 
    book_author_value = doc.createTextNode("William Shakespeare") 
    book_author_node.appendChild(book_author_value) 
    book_node.appendChild(book_author_node) 
 
    root_node.appendChild(book_node) 
 
    f = open("book_store.xml", "w") 
    f.write(doc.toprettyxml(indent = "\t", newl = "\n", encoding = "utf-8")) 
    f.close()

这个代码将在当前目录下生成一个book_store.xml文件,我把它也贴在下面:

代码如下:


 
 
     
        hamlet 
        William Shakespeare 
   
 

当然一旦你掌握了这些基本方法之后,我们可以用一个类来更好的完成,这个类我们称之为XMLGenerator,代码如下:

代码如下:


'''
Created on 2012-8-28 
 
@author:  walfred
@module: domxml.wXMLbyDom 
@description:
''' 
import xml.dom.minidom as Dom 
 
class XMLGenerator: 
    def __init__(self, xml_name): 
        self.doc = Dom.Document() 
        self.xml_name = xml_name 
 
    def createNode(self, node_name): 
        return self.doc.createElement(node_name) 
 
    def addNode(self, node, prev_node = None): 
        cur_node = node 
        if prev_node is not None: 
            prev_node.appendChild(cur_node) 
        else: 
            self.doc.appendChild(cur_node) 
        return cur_node 
 
    def setNodeAttr(self, node, att_name, value): 
        cur_node = node 
        cur_node.setAttribute(att_name, value) 
 
    def setNodeValue(self, cur_node, value): 
        node_data = self.doc.createTextNode(value) 
        cur_node.appendChild(node_data) 
 
    def genXml(self): 
        f = open(self.xml_name, "w") 
        f.write(self.doc.toprettyxml(indent = "\t", newl = "\n", encoding = "utf-8")) 
        f.close() 
 
if __name__ == "__main__": 
    myXMLGenerator = XMLGenerator("book_store.xml") 
 
    #xml root node 
    node_book_store = myXMLGenerator.createNode("book_store") 
    myXMLGenerator.setNodeAttr(node_book_store, "name", "new hua") 
    myXMLGenerator.setNodeAttr(node_book_store, "website", "http://www.bitsCN.com") 
    myXMLGenerator.addNode(node = node_book_store) 
 
    #book01 
    node_book_01 = myXMLGenerator.createNode("book") 
 
    node_book_01_name = myXMLGenerator.createNode("name") 
    myXMLGenerator.setNodeValue(node_book_01_name, "Hamlet") 
    myXMLGenerator.addNode(node_book_01_name, node_book_01) 
 
    node_book_01_author = myXMLGenerator.createNode("author") 
    myXMLGenerator.setNodeValue(node_book_01_author, "William Shakespeare") 
    myXMLGenerator.addNode(node_book_01_author, node_book_01) 
 
    node_book_01_price = myXMLGenerator.createNode("price") 
    myXMLGenerator.setNodeValue(node_book_01_price, "$20") 
    myXMLGenerator.addNode(node_book_01_price, node_book_01) 
 
    node_book_01_grade = myXMLGenerator.createNode("grade") 
    myXMLGenerator.setNodeValue(node_book_01_grade, "good") 
    myXMLGenerator.addNode(node_book_01_grade, node_book_01) 
 
    myXMLGenerator.addNode(node_book_01, node_book_store) 
 
    #book 02 
    node_book_02 = myXMLGenerator.createNode("book") 
 
    node_book_02_name = myXMLGenerator.createNode("name") 
    myXMLGenerator.setNodeValue(node_book_02_name, "shuihu") 
    myXMLGenerator.addNode(node_book_02_name, node_book_02) 
 
    node_book_02_author = myXMLGenerator.createNode("author") 
    myXMLGenerator.setNodeValue(node_book_02_author, "naian shi") 
    myXMLGenerator.addNode(node_book_02_author, node_book_02) 
 
    node_book_02_price = myXMLGenerator.createNode("price") 
    myXMLGenerator.setNodeValue(node_book_02_price, "$200") 
    myXMLGenerator.addNode(node_book_02_price, node_book_02) 
 
    node_book_02_grade = myXMLGenerator.createNode("grade") 
    myXMLGenerator.setNodeValue(node_book_02_grade, "good") 
    myXMLGenerator.addNode(node_book_02_grade, node_book_02) 
 
    myXMLGenerator.addNode(node_book_02, node_book_store) 
 
    #gen 
    myXMLGenerator.genXml()

同样这个方法会在本目录下生成一个book_store.xml文件,如下:

代码如下:


 
 
     
        Hamlet 
        William Shakespeare 
        $20 
        good 
   
 
     
        shuihu 
        naian shi 
        $200 
        good 
   
 


这个版本算一个稍微高级的版本,但由于时间有限还很显得粗糙,读者可以发挥出更好的。
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