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HomeBackend DevelopmentPython TutorialWindows系统下安装Python的SSH模块教程

Python中使用SSH需要用到OpenSSH,而OpenSSH依赖于paramiko模块,而paramiko模块又依赖于pycrypto模块,因此要在Python中使用SSH,则需要先安装模块顺序是:pycrypto -> ecdsa -> paramiko

1、安装pyCrypto

安装这个比较麻烦,需要本地编译,要装vs或gcc还有一堆配置,还不一定能编译成功。(网上能搜到安装步骤)
建议直接下载已编译版: http://www.voidspace.org.uk/python/modules.shtml#pycrypto
直接下载并安装既可。
(注:crypto有java和C++版)

2、安装ecdsa

看很多博客没有提到这个库,但我执行paramiko时,提示找不到ecdsa模块。
下载:https://pypi.python.org/pypi/ecdsa/0.9 ,解压到一个目录,目录中有一个setup.py。
安装比较简单,windows下直接在刚才解压后的目录执行:python setup.py install

3.安装paramiko

与安装ecdsa类型,只是打开下载页面很慢。。。

下载: https://github.com/paramiko/paramiko#,

安装步骤同ecdsa

注:1、所有另外安装的第三方库,如果不特指定安装后库目录的话,将默认保存到 %PYTHON_HOME%\Lib\site-packages下。

2、python大小写敏感,对模块名也是。

3、Crypto可以提供常见的加解密算法,如:RSA、RC4、DSA、DES

测试代码:

代码如下:


#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
# cp@chenpeng.info

import paramiko

def MAIN():

    host = “10.1.1.1″
    port = 22
    user = “root”
    pswd = “111222333″

    ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
    ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
    ssh.connect(host, port, user, pswd)
    stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command(‘ifconfig')
    print stdout.read()
    ssh.close()
#

if __name__=='__main__':
    try:
        MAIN()
    except Exception,e:
        print e


 
输出如下:

目前主要用于批量执行多个服务器的ssh命令,批量维护比较方便。

下面是两种使用paramiko连接到linux服务器的代码

方式一:

代码如下:


ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
ssh.connect("某IP地址",22,"用户名", "口令")


上面的第二行代码的作用是允许连接不在know_hosts文件中的主机

方式二:

代码如下:


t = paramiko.Transport(("主机","端口"))
t.connect(username = "用户名", password = "口令")


如果连接远程主机需要提供密钥,上面第二行代码可改成:

代码如下:


t.connect(username = "用户名", password = "口令", hostkey="密钥")


例子:

代码如下:


#!/usr/bin/python  
import paramiko
 
ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
ssh.connect("某IP地址",22,"用户名", "口令")
stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command("你的命令")print stdout.readlines()
ssh.close()


下载linux服务器上的文件

代码如下:


#!/usr/bin/python  
import paramiko
 
t = paramiko.Transport(("主机","端口"))
t.connect(username = "用户名", password = "口令")
sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(t)
remotepath='/var/log/system.log'
localpath='/tmp/system.log'
sftp.get(remotepath, localpath)
t.close()


上传文件到linux服务器

代码如下:


#!/usr/bin/python  
import paramiko
 
t = paramiko.Transport(("主机","端口"))
t.connect(username = "用户名", password = "口令")
sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(t)
remotepath='/var/log/system.log'
localpath='/tmp/system.log'
sftp.put(localpath,remotepath)
t.close()

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