search
HomeBackend DevelopmentPHP TutorialPHP异常处理浅析_PHP

PHP预定了两个异常类:Exception和ErrorException

代码如下:


Exception {
    /* 属性 */
    protected string $message ; //异常消息内容
    protected int $code ; //异常代码号
    protected string $file ; //抛出异常的文件名
    protected int $line ; //抛出异常在该文件中的行号
    /* 方法 */
    public __construct ([ string $message = "" [, int $code = 0 [, Exception $previous = null]]] )
    final public string getMessage ( void ) //异常抛出的信息
    final public Exception getPrevious ( void ) //前一异常
    final public int getCode ( void ) //异常代码,这是用户自定义的
    final public string getFile ( void ) //发生异常的文件路劲
    final public int getLine ( void ) //发生异常的行
    final public array getTrace ( void ) //异常追踪信息(array)
    final public string getTraceAsString ( void ) //异常追踪信息(string)
    public string __toString ( void ) //试图直接 将异常对象当作字符串使用时调用子函数的返回值
    final private void __clone ( void ) //克隆异常对象时调用
}

代码如下:


ErrorException  extends Exception  {
 
    /* 属性 */
    protected int $severity   ;
    /* 方法 */
   
    public __construct  ([ string $message  = ""  [, int $code  = 0  [, int $severity  = 1  [, string $filename  = __FILE__  [, int $lineno  = __LINE__  [, Exception  $previous  = NULL    ]]]]]] )
    final public int getSeverity  ( void )
    /* 继承的方法 */
    final public string Exception::getMessage  ( void )
    final public Exception Exception::getPrevious  ( void )
    final public int Exception::getCode  ( void )
    final public string Exception::getFile  ( void )
    final public int Exception::getLine  ( void )
    final public array Exception::getTrace  ( void )
    final public string Exception::getTraceAsString  ( void )
    public string Exception::__toString  ( void )
    final private void Exception::__clone  ( void )
}

那么如何捕获异常?

(1)PHP可用try...catch...捕获异常,进行异常处理的代码必须在try代码块内。

代码如下:


try {
    throw new Exception('exception test 1', 1001);
} catch(Exception $e) {
    echo $e->getMessage().'-'.$e->getCode();
}

(2)用户可以自定义异常处理函数[set_exception_handler],用于没用用try/catch捕获的异常。

代码如下:


function  exception_handler ( $e ) {
    echo  "Uncaught exception: "  ,  $e -> getMessage (),  "\n" ;
}
 
set_exception_handler ( 'exception_handler' );
 
throw new  Exception ( 'Uncaught Exception' );
 
echo "这行不会执行了";

可以看到使用ser_exception_handler回调函数处理异常,后续的代码不会继续执行,但try-catch可以。
(3)PHP可用多catch捕获不同类型异常,并允许在catch代码块内再次抛出异常。

代码如下:


//请根据实际扩展异常类
class MyException extends Exception {
    public function __construct($message = '', $code = 0) {
 
    }
 
    public function myFunction() {
        echo 'just for test';
    }
}
 
try {
    throw new MyException('an error');
} catch (MyException $e) {
    echo $e->myFunction();
} catch (Exception $e) {
    echo $e->getMessage();
}


(4)PHP5.5已经支持finally关键词,你无需关心异常是否溢出了。

可对比如下:

代码如下:


function doSomething() {
    $resource = createResource();
    try {
        $result = useResource($resource);
    } catch (Exception $e) {
        releaseResource($resource);
        log($e->getMessage());
        exit();
    }
    releaseResource($resource);
    return $result;
}
 
//使用finally后
function doSomething2() {
    $resource = createResource();
    try {
        $result = useResource($resource);
        return $result;
    } catch (Exception $e) {
        log($e->getMessage());
        exit();
    } finally {
        releaseResource($resource);
    }
}

Statement
The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn
PHP Dependency Injection Container: A Quick StartPHP Dependency Injection Container: A Quick StartMay 13, 2025 am 12:11 AM

APHPDependencyInjectionContainerisatoolthatmanagesclassdependencies,enhancingcodemodularity,testability,andmaintainability.Itactsasacentralhubforcreatingandinjectingdependencies,thusreducingtightcouplingandeasingunittesting.

Dependency Injection vs. Service Locator in PHPDependency Injection vs. Service Locator in PHPMay 13, 2025 am 12:10 AM

Select DependencyInjection (DI) for large applications, ServiceLocator is suitable for small projects or prototypes. 1) DI improves the testability and modularity of the code through constructor injection. 2) ServiceLocator obtains services through center registration, which is convenient but may lead to an increase in code coupling.

PHP performance optimization strategies.PHP performance optimization strategies.May 13, 2025 am 12:06 AM

PHPapplicationscanbeoptimizedforspeedandefficiencyby:1)enablingopcacheinphp.ini,2)usingpreparedstatementswithPDOfordatabasequeries,3)replacingloopswitharray_filterandarray_mapfordataprocessing,4)configuringNginxasareverseproxy,5)implementingcachingwi

PHP Email Validation: Ensuring Emails Are Sent CorrectlyPHP Email Validation: Ensuring Emails Are Sent CorrectlyMay 13, 2025 am 12:06 AM

PHPemailvalidationinvolvesthreesteps:1)Formatvalidationusingregularexpressionstochecktheemailformat;2)DNSvalidationtoensurethedomainhasavalidMXrecord;3)SMTPvalidation,themostthoroughmethod,whichchecksifthemailboxexistsbyconnectingtotheSMTPserver.Impl

How to make PHP applications fasterHow to make PHP applications fasterMay 12, 2025 am 12:12 AM

TomakePHPapplicationsfaster,followthesesteps:1)UseOpcodeCachinglikeOPcachetostoreprecompiledscriptbytecode.2)MinimizeDatabaseQueriesbyusingquerycachingandefficientindexing.3)LeveragePHP7 Featuresforbettercodeefficiency.4)ImplementCachingStrategiessuc

PHP Performance Optimization Checklist: Improve Speed NowPHP Performance Optimization Checklist: Improve Speed NowMay 12, 2025 am 12:07 AM

ToimprovePHPapplicationspeed,followthesesteps:1)EnableopcodecachingwithAPCutoreducescriptexecutiontime.2)ImplementdatabasequerycachingusingPDOtominimizedatabasehits.3)UseHTTP/2tomultiplexrequestsandreduceconnectionoverhead.4)Limitsessionusagebyclosin

PHP Dependency Injection: Improve Code TestabilityPHP Dependency Injection: Improve Code TestabilityMay 12, 2025 am 12:03 AM

Dependency injection (DI) significantly improves the testability of PHP code by explicitly transitive dependencies. 1) DI decoupling classes and specific implementations make testing and maintenance more flexible. 2) Among the three types, the constructor injects explicit expression dependencies to keep the state consistent. 3) Use DI containers to manage complex dependencies to improve code quality and development efficiency.

PHP Performance Optimization: Database Query OptimizationPHP Performance Optimization: Database Query OptimizationMay 12, 2025 am 12:02 AM

DatabasequeryoptimizationinPHPinvolvesseveralstrategiestoenhanceperformance.1)Selectonlynecessarycolumnstoreducedatatransfer.2)Useindexingtospeedupdataretrieval.3)Implementquerycachingtostoreresultsoffrequentqueries.4)Utilizepreparedstatementsforeffi

See all articles

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress

Undresser.AI Undress

AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover

AI Clothes Remover

Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool

Undress AI Tool

Undress images for free

Clothoff.io

Clothoff.io

AI clothes remover

Video Face Swap

Video Face Swap

Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!

Hot Article

Hot Tools

SublimeText3 Mac version

SublimeText3 Mac version

God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

Dreamweaver CS6

Dreamweaver CS6

Visual web development tools

WebStorm Mac version

WebStorm Mac version

Useful JavaScript development tools

PhpStorm Mac version

PhpStorm Mac version

The latest (2018.2.1) professional PHP integrated development tool

mPDF

mPDF

mPDF is a PHP library that can generate PDF files from UTF-8 encoded HTML. The original author, Ian Back, wrote mPDF to output PDF files "on the fly" from his website and handle different languages. It is slower than original scripts like HTML2FPDF and produces larger files when using Unicode fonts, but supports CSS styles etc. and has a lot of enhancements. Supports almost all languages, including RTL (Arabic and Hebrew) and CJK (Chinese, Japanese and Korean). Supports nested block-level elements (such as P, DIV),