How to isolate styles in components in vue

Style isolation in Vue components can be achieved in four ways: Use scope styles to create isolated scopes. Use CSS Modules to generate CSS files with unique class names. Organize class names using BEM conventions to maintain modularity and reusability. In rare cases, it is possible to inject styles directly into the component, but this is not recommended.

Style Isolation in Vue Components

When building Vue applications, style isolation is crucial to prevent Component styles influence other components, thus avoiding unexpected behavior and maintenance issues. Vue provides several methods to achieve style isolation:

1. Scope styles

Using scope styles is the most recommended way to isolate component styles. It creates an isolated scope for a component, affecting only elements within that component. Scoped styles can be enabled by using the scoped attribute in the component template:

<template scoped>
  <!-- 组件样式 -->
</template>

2. CSS Modules

CSS Modules allow CSS classes to be The name is defined as local scope and is only used within this component. Build tools like webpack can generate CSS files with unique class names. When using CSS Modules, you need to create a CSS file and import it into the component:

import styles from './component.module.css';

// 在模板中使用类名
<div class={styles.className}></div>

3. BEM (Block-Element-Modifier) ​​Convention

The BEM convention is A way to organize CSS class names to create reusable, modular styles. It uses nested class names to represent different parts of the component, such as blocks, elements, and modifiers. This can help keep styles organized and isolated:

<div class="component">
  <div class="component__element"></div>
  <div class="component__element--modifier"></div>
</div>

4. Style injection

In some cases, inject styles directly into a component's<style> blocks may be necessary. However, this is not a recommended practice as it may lead to global style pollution. </style>

<style>
  .component {
    /* 组件样式 */
  }
</style>

By using these methods, style isolation of Vue components can be achieved, ensuring that styles do not accidentally affect other components and improving the maintainability and predictability of the application.

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