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Deadlock: ordered resources and deadlock detection; starvation: priority scheduling and fair locks. Through these strategies, deadlock and starvation problems can be solved in C, ensuring reliability and efficiency.
How to solve the deadlock and starvation problems in concurrent programming in C
Concurrent programming often encounters two common problems Challenges: deadlock and starvation. Addressing these issues is critical to ensuring application reliability and efficiency.
Deadlock
Deadlock refers to two or more threads waiting for each other for resources, causing the program to be unable to continue execution.
Solution:
C Example:
// 使用 std::lock_guard 确保按顺序访问共享资源 std::mutex m; std::vector<int> v; void thread_func() { std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(m); v.push_back(1); }
Hungry
Hungry is when a thread waits indefinitely for a resource while Other threads repeatedly acquire the resource.
Solution:
C Example:
// 使用 std::condition_variable 和 std::unique_lock 实现公平锁 std::mutex m; std::condition_variable cv; int num_waiting = 0; void thread_func() { std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(m); while (num_waiting > 0) { cv.wait(lock); } // 临界区代码 num_waiting--; cv.notify_one(); }
By adopting these strategies, you can effectively handle deadlock and starvation problems in concurrent programming in C, thus improving Application robustness and performance.
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