


Collection of Golang novice questions: Solve common problems and move towards improvement
In response to common problems faced by Golang novices, this article provides a clear solution: define and initialize the structure: type Person struct { Name string; Age int }; Person p = {"John Doe", 30} using mapping: m: = make(map[string]int); m["Alice"] = 10 Processing a variable number of parameters: func sumAll(...int) int Reading and writing files: File opening, writing, reading Creating and using Goroutine: go concurrentFunc(i)
Golang novice question collection: solve common problems and move towards improvement
As a novice in Golang, it is very difficult to It is easy to encounter various problems. This article will help newbies get better at it by providing clear and easy-to-understand solutions to some of the most common frustrations.
1. How to define and initialize a structure?
type Person struct { Name string Age int } p := Person{"John Doe", 30}
2. How to use mapping (Map)?
m := make(map[string]int) m["Alice"] = 10 m["Bob"] = 20 fmt.Println(m["Alice"]) // 输出: 10
3. How to receive a variable number of parameters?
func sumAll(numbers ...int) int { total := 0 for _, num := range numbers { total += num } return total } result := sumAll(1, 2, 3, 4, 5) // result = 15
4. How to read and write files?
f, err := os.Open("test.txt") if err != nil { panic(err) } defer f.Close() _, err = f.Write([]byte("Hello, world!")) if err != nil { panic(err) } b := make([]byte, 10) _, err = f.Read(b) if err != nil { panic(err) } fmt.Println(string(b)) // 输出: "Hello, wo"
5. How to create and use Goroutine?
func concurrentFunc(i int) { fmt.Println(i) } for i := 0; i < 5; i++ { go concurrentFunc(i) } // 同时输出 0、1、2、3、4
Practical Case
Suppose we want to create a simple RESTful API that allows users to manage tasks.
1. Define the task structure:
type Task struct { ID int Name string Desc string }
2. Create a task collection:
tasks := make([]Task, 0)
3. Process creation task request:
func createTask(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) { var task Task if err := json.NewDecoder(r.Body).Decode(&task); err != nil { http.Error(w, "Invalid JSON", http.StatusBadRequest) return } tasks = append(tasks, task) fmt.Fprint(w, "Task created successfully") }
4. Process acquisition task request:
func getTasks(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) { enc := json.NewEncoder(w) if err := enc.Encode(tasks); err != nil { http.Error(w, "Failed to encode tasks", http.StatusInternalServerError) return } }
5. Start HTTP server:
func main() { http.HandleFunc("/tasks", createTask) http.HandleFunc("/tasks", getTasks) fmt.Println("Server listening on port 8080") if err := http.ListenAndServe(":8080", nil); err != nil { panic(err) } }
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