How is NIO technology implemented in Java functions?

NIO technology implemented in Java functions allows applications to efficiently handle I/O operations without blocking other threads. It leverages: Non-blocking channels (NioSocketChannel and NioServerSocketChannel) Selector to monitor the status of the channel Server-side listens for incoming connections and creates new channels Clients connect to the server and send requests Advantages include high responsiveness, thread isolation, and scalability

NIO technology implemented in Java functions

Overview

NIO (non Blocking I/O technology is an asynchronous I/O technology that allows applications to interact with networks and files without blocking other threads. Implementing NIO in Java functions can improve your application's I/O performance and responsiveness.

Practical case

Using NioServerSocketChannel and NioSocketChannel

NIO server-side useNioServerSocketChannel Listening incoming connections and use NioSocketChannel to create a new channel for each connection. The client uses NioSocketChannel to connect to the server.

// 服务器端
ServerSocketChannel serverSocketChannel = ServerSocketChannel.open();
serverSocketChannel.bind(new InetSocketAddress(PORT));
while (true) {
  SocketChannel socketChannel = serverSocketChannel.accept();
  ... // 处理请求
}

// 客户端
SocketChannel socketChannel = SocketChannel.open();
socketChannel.connect(new InetSocketAddress(HOST, PORT));
... // 发送请求

Using Selector

Selector is used to monitor the status of multiple channels. The selector notifies the application when one or more channels are readable, writable, or connected.

// 初始化 selector
Selector selector = Selector.open();

// 注册服务器端 channel 到 selector
serverSocketChannel.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_ACCEPT);

// 循环监听事件
while (true) {
  // 阻塞直到一个或多个通道就绪
  int readyChannels = selector.select();

  if (readyChannels > 0) {
    Set<SelectionKey> selectedKeys = selector.selectedKeys();

    for (SelectionKey key : selectedKeys) {
      if (key.isAcceptable()) {
        // 处理传入连接
      } else if (key.isReadable()) {
        // 处理可读数据
      } else if (key.isWritable()) {
        // 处理可写数据
      }
    }
    selectedKeys.clear();
  }
}

Advantages

• Non-blocking operation, improve responsiveness
• Thread isolation, minimize context switching
• High scalability, supporting a large number of concurrent connections

Limitations

• Increased complexity, requiring more advanced programming skills
• Implement pseudo-asynchronous mode, which may still block the current thread

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