The role of PHP functions in separating business logic and data access

PHP functions can realize the separation of business logic and data access. By encapsulating data access code in functions, the reusability, maintainability, testability and code separation of the code can be improved.

The role of PHP functions in the separation of business logic and data access

The separation of business logic and data access is a common A software design pattern that separates a program's business logic code from the code that interacts with data sources. This separation improves code reusability and maintainability.

In PHP, you can use functions to separate business logic and data access. By encapsulating data access code in functions, you can isolate this code from other business logic.

Practical Case

The following is a practical case that demonstrates how to use PHP functions to separate business logic and data access:

Database. php

class Database {
    private $host;
    private $user;
    private $password;
    private $database;
    private $connection;

    public function __construct($host, $user, $password, $database) {
        $this->host = $host;
        $this->user = $user;
        $this->password = $password;
        $this->database = $database;

        $this->connect();
    }

    private function connect() {
        $this->connection = new PDO("mysql:host=$this->host;dbname=$this->database", $this->user, $this->password);
    }

    public function executeQuery($sql) {
        $statement = $this->connection->prepare($sql);
        $statement->execute();

        return $statement->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
    }
}

UserModel.php

class UserModel {
    private $database;

    public function __construct(Database $database) {
        $this->database = $database;
    }

    public function getAllUsers() {
        $sql = "SELECT * FROM users";

        return $this->database->executeQuery($sql);
    }

    public function getUserById($id) {
        $sql = "SELECT * FROM users WHERE id = :id";

        $statement = $this->database->connection->prepare($sql);
        $statement->bindParam(":id", $id);
        $statement->execute();

        return $statement->fetch(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
    }
}

UserController.php

class UserController {
    private $userModel;

    public function __construct(UserModel $userModel) {
        $this->userModel = $userModel;
    }

    public function index() {
        $users = $this->userModel->getAllUsers();

        return view('index', ['users' => $users]);
    }

    public function show($id) {
        $user = $this->userModel->getUserById($id);

        return view('show', ['user' => $user]);
    }
}

routes.php

use App\Http\Controllers\UserController;

Route::get('/', [UserController::class, 'index']);
Route::get('/users/{id}', [UserController::class, 'show']);

Benefits of separating business logic and data access

Using PHP functions to separate business logic and data access has the following benefits:

• Reusability: Data access code can be reused for multiple business logic modules.
• Maintainability: Business logic and data access code can be updated independently.
• Testability: Business logic modules can be easily tested without worrying about data access code.
• Code separation: Business logic and data access code can be saved in different files, making the code easier to read and understand.

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