How to implement the test-driven development process of golang functions?

The TDD process helps ensure the correctness and behavioral documentation of Go functions. Steps: 1) Write a test using go test command, define functions and test cases. 2) Write function code that satisfies the behavior of the test case. 3) Run the go test command to verify whether the function meets expectations. 4) Repeat steps 1-3 as needed to improve the function implementation and improve the test cases until all tests pass.

Golang function TDD (Test Driven Development) process

Test Driven Development (TDD) is a software development process. In which developers first write tests and then write the code needed to satisfy those tests. For Go language functions, the TDD process can help ensure the correctness of the function and provide documentation for its behavior.

Steps

1. ##Write a test: Use the go test command to create a test file and define the functions and corresponding test cases.

package main

import (
    "testing"
)

func TestAdd(t *testing.T) {
    tests := []struct {
        a, b int
        want int
    }{
        {1, 2, 3},
        {3, 4, 7},
    }
    for _, tc := range tests {
        got := Add(tc.a, tc.b)
        if got != tc.want {
            t.Errorf("Add(%d, %d) = %d, want %d", tc.a, tc.b, got, tc.want)
        }
    }
}

2. Writing code: Write a function that implements the behavior specified in the test case.

package main

import "fmt"

func Add(a, b int) int {
    return a + b
}

func main() {
    fmt.Println(Add(1, 2)) // 输出：3
}

3. Run the test: Run the go test command to verify that the function is as expected.

$ go test
ok      test.go   0.000s

4. Repeat: If necessary, repeat the above steps, write more test cases and improve the function implementation until all tests pass.

Practical case

Suppose you want to implement a Golang function

isPrime to determine whether a number is prime. The TDD process can be carried out as follows:

1. Writing tests:

   package main
   
   import (
    "testing"
   )
   
   func TestIsPrime(t *testing.T) {
    tests := []struct {
        n     int
        prime bool
    }{
        {1, false},
        {2, true},
        {3, true},
        {4, false},
        {19, true},
        {100, false},
    }
    for _, tc := range tests {
        got := IsPrime(tc.n)
        if got != tc.prime {
            t.Errorf("IsPrime(%d) = %t, want %t", tc.n, got, tc.prime)
        }
    }
   }

2. Writing code:

   package main
   
   import "math"
   
   func IsPrime(n int) bool {
    if n <= 1 {
        return false
    }
    for i := 2; i <= int(math.Sqrt(float64(n))); i++ {
        if n%i == 0 {
            return false
        }
    }
    return true
   }
   
   func main() {
    fmt.Println(IsPrime(19)) // 输出：true
   }

3. Run the test:

   $ go test
   ok      test.go   0.000s

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