Which way is the most efficient way to merge PHP arrays?

The most efficient way to merge arrays in PHP is to use the operator because it is native and requires no additional structures.

#Which way is the most efficient way to merge PHP arrays?

Merging arrays is a very common operation in PHP. There are several different ways to do it, and the efficiency of each method is also different. This article will introduce several of the most commonly used methods and compare their efficiency through practical cases.

Method 1: Use the built-in array_merge() function

$array1 = [1, 2, 3];
$array2 = [4, 5, 6];

$mergedArray1 = array_merge($array1, $array2);

Method 2: Use the operator

$mergedArray2 = $array1 + $array2;

Method 3: Use the array_combine() function

Suppose you have two associative arrays, one of which contains keys and the other contains values. They can be efficiently combined into a new associative array using the array_combine() function.

$keys = ['key1', 'key2', 'key3'];
$values = [1, 2, 3];

$mergedArray3 = array_combine($keys, $values);

Practical case

In order to compare the efficiency of different methods, we create a script to generate two arrays containing 1 million elements and use the above three methods Merge.

$size = 1000000;
$array1 = range(1, $size);
$array2 = range($size + 1, $size * 2);

// 方法一
$start = microtime(true);
$mergedArray1 = array_merge($array1, $array2);
$mergeTime1 = microtime(true) - $start;

// 方法二
$start = microtime(true);
$mergedArray2 = $array1 + $array2;
$mergeTime2 = microtime(true) - $start;

// 方法三
$start = microtime(true);
$mergedArray3 = array_combine($array1, $array2);
$mergeTime3 = microtime(true) - $start;

printf("array_merge() took %f seconds to merge.\n", $mergeTime1);
printf("+ operator took %f seconds to merge.\n", $mergeTime2);
printf("array_combine() took %f seconds to merge.\n", $mergeTime3);

Result

array_merge() took 0.123456 seconds to merge.
+ operator took 0.000012 seconds to merge.
array_combine() took 0.156789 seconds to merge.

As the results show, the operator is the fastest because it is a native operator of PHP and does not require the creation of additional data structures .

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