What is the difference between PHP functions and Rust functions?

The main difference between PHP and Rust functions: Parameter passing: PHP passes by value, Rust passes by reference. Return value: PHP returns a value, Rust can use a tuple to return multiple values ​​or use the Result enumeration to return an error.

The difference between PHP functions and Rust functions

Introduction

PHP and Rust Both are popular programming languages, and they have some significant differences in how they handle functions. This article will explore the key differences between PHP functions and Rust functions, and provide practical examples to illustrate these differences.

Parameter passing

• PHP: The parameters of the PHP function are passed by value by default, which means that the parameters in the function are passed by value. Changes made do not affect the original variable.
• Rust: Parameters to Rust functions are passed by reference by default, which means that changes made to the parameters in the function are reflected in the original variables.

Practical case: pass by value vs. pass by reference

// PHP 函数（按值传递）
function add_by_value($num) {
  $num += 10;
}

$x = 5;
add_by_value($x);
echo $x; // 打印 5

// Rust 函数（按引用传递）
fn add_by_ref(num: &mut i32) {
  *num += 10;
}

let mut x = 5;
add_by_ref(&mut x);
println!("{}", x); // 打印 15

Return value

• PHP: The PHP function only returns one value. If you need to return multiple values, you can use a reference or array.
• Rust: Rust functions can return multiple values ​​using a () tuple, or an error using a Result enum.

Practical case: returning multiple values

// PHP 函数（返回多个值使用数组）
function get_name_and_age() {
  return array("John", 30);
}

$result = get_name_and_age();
echo $result[0] . " " . $result[1];

// Rust 函数（返回多个值使用元组）
fn get_name_and_age() -> (String, u8) {
  ("John".to_string(), 30)
}

let (name, age) = get_name_and_age();
println!("{} {}", name, age);

Conclusion

The difference between PHP and Rust functions Provides different function processing methods. Understanding these differences is important to using both languages ​​effectively. By using appropriate parameter passing mechanisms and return values, developers can write robust and predictable code.

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