golang function memory management test case

The memory management of functions is completed through the garbage collector GC, which automatically releases objects that are no longer used. Test cases can verify that the function frees memory correctly, and you can use runtime.GC to force memory reclamation.

Go language function memory management test case

In the Go language, the memory management of functions is through the garbage collector (GC ) to complete. GC will automatically manage memory and release objects that are no longer used. In some cases, understanding how the GC manages function memory is critical to optimizing code performance.

This article will introduce how to write test cases to test the memory management of functions through a practical case.

Practical case

The following is a simple Go function used to calculate the nth term of the Fibonacci sequence:

func fibonacci(n int) int {
    if n <= 1 {
        return n
    }
    return fibonacci(n-1) + fibonacci(n-2)
}

We want to You need to write a test case to verify that the function frees the memory correctly. To do this, we can use Go's built-in runtime.GC function to force memory recycling:

package main

import (
    "log"
    "runtime"
    "testing"
)

func fibonacci(n int) int {
    if n <= 1 {
        return n
    }
    return fibonacci(n-1) + fibonacci(n-2)
}

func TestFibonacciMemoryManagement(t *testing.T) {
    var allocatedBytes uint64

    // 记录调用函数前的已分配字节数
    runtime.ReadMemStats(&stats)
    allocatedBytes = stats.TotalAlloc

    // 调用函数并计算斐波那契数
    fibonacci(40)

    // 运行 GC 以释放函数创建的对象
    runtime.GC()

    // 再次记录已分配字节数
    runtime.ReadMemStats(&stats)

    // 检查已分配字节数是否恢复到调用函数前的值
    if stats.TotalAlloc != allocatedBytes {
        t.Errorf("内存泄露，已分配字节数未恢复到调用函数前的值")
    }
}

In this test case, we will record before and after calling the fibonacci function The number of allocated bytes. If the function frees memory correctly, the number of allocated bytes after the GC runs should be restored to the value before the function was called. Otherwise, a memory leak will occur.

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