The syntax differences between MySQL and SQL Server are mainly reflected in database objects, data types, SQL statements and other aspects. Database object differences include the storage engine and how filegroups are specified, and the creation of indexes and constraints. Data type differences involve differences in numeric types, character types, and date and time types. SQL statement differences are reflected in result set limitations, data insertion, update and delete operations, etc. Other differences include how identity columns, views, and stored procedures are created. Understanding these differences is important to avoid errors when using different database systems.
The syntax difference between MySQL and SQL Server
Database objects
-
Table: MySQL uses
ENGINE
to specify the storage engine, while SQL Server usesFILEGROUP
to specify the file group. -
Index: MySQL uses
CREATE INDEX
, while SQL Server usesCREATE INDEX
orCREATE UNIQUE INDEX
. -
Constraints: MySQL uses the
CONSTRAINT
clause, while SQL Server usesCHECK
orFOREIGN KEY
.
Data type
-
Numeric type: MySQL has
DECIMAL
andNUMERIC
type, while SQL Server only has theNUMERIC
type. -
Character types: MySQL has
CHAR
andVARCHAR
types, while SQL Server only has theVARCHAR
type. -
Date and time types: MySQL uses the
DATETIME
andTIMESTAMP
types, while SQL Server uses theDATETIME
andSMALLDATETIME
type.
SQL statement
-
SELECT statement: MySQL uses the
LIMIT
clause to limit the result set, SQL Server uses theTOP
clause. -
INSERT statement: MySQL uses
INSERT INTO ... VALUES
, while SQL Server usesINSERT INTO ... VALUES
orINSERT INTO... SELECT
. -
UPDATE statement: MySQL uses the
SET
clause to update data, while SQL Server uses theSET
orUPDATE
clause . -
DELETE statement: MySQL uses
DELETE FROM ... WHERE
, while SQL Server usesDELETE FROM ... WHERE
orDELETE...
.
Other differences
-
Identity columns: MySQL uses
AUTO_INCREMENT
to create identity columns, while SQL Server usesIDENTITY
. -
Views: MySQL uses
CREATE VIEW
, while SQL Server usesCREATE VIEW
orSELECT INTO
. -
Stored procedures: MySQL uses
CREATE PROCEDURE
, while SQL Server usesCREATE PROCEDURE
orCREATE FUNCTION
.
These are just some of the many syntax differences between MySQL and SQL Server. Understanding these differences is critical to avoiding errors when working with different database systems.
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