Node.js uses JavaScript as the underlying language because it supports single-threaded, non-blocking I/O, dynamic typing, and has a large and active ecosystem. Additionally, Node.js is based on the event loop model and handles I/O operations in an asynchronous and non-blocking manner.
What is the underlying language of Node.js?
Node.js is a runtime environment based on JavaScript. It uses the Chrome V8 JavaScript engine to execute JavaScript code on the server side.
Why does Node.js use JavaScript?
The main reasons for using JavaScript as the underlying language are:
- Single-threaded, non-blocking I/O: JavaScript is a single-threaded language. Meaning it can only perform one task at a time. Instead of blocking threads during I/O operations (such as reading files or network requests), JavaScript offloads them to an external event queue and continues execution after they complete. This makes Node.js ideal for handling large numbers of concurrent connections, as it does not need to block the main thread waiting for I/O operations.
- Dynamic typing: JavaScript is a dynamically typed language, which means that the types of variables can change at runtime. This allows developers to easily create and modify data structures without worrying about static type constraints.
- Large ecosystem: JavaScript has a large and active ecosystem that includes thousands of libraries and frameworks. This allows developers to easily access features such as database connectivity, web tools, and third-party integrations.
Other Notes:
- Although JavaScript is the primary language for Node.js, it also supports writing C modules. These modules can be used to extend the core functionality of Node.js, such as adding support for native system libraries.
- Node.js is based on the event loop model. When an event occurs (such as a network request completing), the event loop will trigger a callback function to handle it. This allows Node.js to handle I/O operations in an asynchronous and non-blocking manner.
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