There are five Oracle data backup methods: RMAN backup (full, incremental, differential, library backup) export/import Data Pump export/import data file backup physical backup
Oracle Data Backup Method
Oracle database backup is a necessary process to protect critical data to ensure that it can be restored in the event of data loss or corruption. Oracle provides a variety of backup methods to meet different needs:
1. RMAN backup:
RMAN (Recovery Manager) is a powerful backup and recovery tool provided by Oracle . It provides the following types of backups:
- Full backup: Backs up the entire database, including data files, control files, and archive logs.
- Incremental backup: Backs up data that has changed since the last backup.
- Differential backup: Backs up data that has changed since the last full backup.
- Library Backup: Back up the backup set created by a specific alternate stream.
2. Export/Import:
The export/import method exports data from the database to a file, which can then be imported into another database. It is usually used for one-time data transfer or migration.
3. Data Pump Export/Import:
Data Pump is a fast and efficient data export/import method. It provides more features than standard export/import, such as parallel processing and XML export/import.
4. Data file backup:
This method involves copying the data files (*.dbf) and control files. It is simpler than RMAN backup, but it does not back up archive logs, so archive logs need to be backed up manually on a regular basis.
5. Physical backup:
A physical backup physically copies the entire database to another device (such as tape or disk). It's the most comprehensive backup method, but it's also the most time-consuming.
Factors for choosing a backup method:
Selecting a backup method depends on the following factors:
- Database size
- Data Frequency of changes
- Recovery Time Objective (RTO)
- Recovery Point Objective (RPO)
- Available Resources
Generally, RMAN backup is useful for large databases and databases that frequently change data are the best choice. Export/Import and Data Pump Export/Import is useful for one-time data transfers or small databases. Data file backup and physical backup are used in specific situations, such as when no other options are available.
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