How to query the audit function in oracle database

Oracle Database's auditing feature tracks database activity to ensure security. The steps for querying audit capabilities include: Determining the type of activity to be audited. Configure auditing using the AUDIT command. Use the SELECT command to query the audit trail table (for example, dba_audit_trail). Explain the information contained in audit records, such as username, timestamp, and type of operation.

How to query the audit function of Oracle database

The audit function of Oracle database allows the database administrator (DBA) to track Activities on the database to ensure security and compliance. Here's how to query the auditing capabilities:

1. Determine the type of activity to audit

Oracle Database provides a variety of auditing options, including:

• Data manipulation (DML) within database objects (such as tables, views, and procedures)
• Security-related activities (such as user logins and permission changes)
• Session and connection activities
• Database structure changes

2. Configure auditing

Use the following SQL command to configure auditing:

<code class="sql">AUDIT [activity_type] BY [user_list] [IN [clause]] [ON [database_object]];</code>

For example, to audit table# DML activity on ##employees:

<code class="sql">AUDIT INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE ON employees BY ALL;</code>

3. Query the audit trail

Use the following SQL command to query the audit trail:

<code class="sql">SELECT * FROM [audit_table]
WHERE [filter_condition];</code>

For example, to query the DML activity on table

employees in the past 24 hours:

<code class="sql">SELECT * FROM dba_audit_trail
WHERE obj_name = 'employees'
AND timestamp >= sysdate - 1;</code>

4. Interpret the audit record

The audit record contains the following Fields:

• USERID: Username that performed the operation
• TIMESTAMP:Operation timestamp
• OS_USER: Operating system user for the operation
• OBJ_NAME: Database object name for the operation
• ACTION_NAME: Name of the operation performed (e.g. INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE)
• STATEMENT_TEXT: SQL statement that triggers audit activity

Tip:

Ensure that only authorized users can query the audit trail.
• Rotate the audit table regularly to prevent log files from becoming too large.
• Consider using a third-party audit tool, such as the Oracle Database Audit Toolkit (DATP), to simplify audit management.

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