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1.echo() 函数 返回值:void
echo 表示向浏览器输出字符串

2.注释 // # /*......*/

3.print() ,printf() ,print_r()
print()函数 返回值:int;
表示向浏览器输出字符串
echo print("print");
输出结果: print1
echo 把print的返回值打印出来


printf()函数 返回字符串的长度;
(中文占两个)
printf("我今天买了%d套光盘",10);
输出结果:我今天买了10套光盘

sprintf()函数 字符串保留在内存中;
需要echo 将其输出
echo sprintf("123");

print_r() 函数打印变量本身;
如果是数组则打印出数组

$a=array('a','b','c','d');
print_r($a);

3.标示符与变量
标识符是变量名称
标识符可以任意长度,可以由任何字母,数字,下划线组成
标识符不能由数字开始
在PHP中标示符区分大小写
一个变量名称可以与一个函数名称相同

创建变量:$sum=0 ; $name="names";
通过赋值来确定变量类型

变量的类型:
PHP支持如下基本数据类型:
Integer,Float(Double),String,Boolean,Array,Object

类型转换:
$num=1;
$total=(float)$num;

*检查变量的类型
Gettype() 检测变量类型;
$a=3.14;
echo gettype($a);
输出结果: Double


Settype() 设置变量类型;
$sum=100;
settype($sum,"string");
echo gettype($sum);
输出结果: string

*检测变量是否存在
isset(); //判读变量是否存在
$a=1;
echo isset($a); //返回的是布尔值
如果$a存在返回 : 1

unset(); //销毁变量
unset($a);
销毁变量$a;

empty();
echo empty($a);
检查一个变量的值是否为空,为空就返回 1

类型判断函数
is_array(),is_double(),is_float(),is_real(),is_long(),
is_integer(),is_string(),is_object(),is_resource(),
is_null(),is_numeric()
$num=100;
is_interger($num);


变量数据类型转换函数(临时转换):
intval(),floatval(),strval()
$num=22.22;
$a=intval($num);
intval($num)整体被转换成整型
$num的类型没有改变


超级全局变量:
$GLOBALS [所有全局变量数组]
$_SERVER [服务器环境变量数组]
$_GET [通过GET方法传递给该脚本的变量]
$_POST [通过POST方法传递给该脚本的变量]
$_COOKIE [cookie变量数组]
$_FILES [与文件上载相关的数组]
$_REQUEST [所有用户输入的变量数组]
$_SESSION [会话变量数组]

常量:被定义后不能改变的量
常量没有$符
常量只可以保存布尔值,整数,浮点数或字符串数据
defin("TOTAL",100);

TOTAL一直就是100

4.访问表单变量
$_POST["username"];
$_GET["username"];

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