How are buffers managed in Java I/O streams?

In Java I/O streams, the buffer is a memory area that caches data, which can improve I/O performance. Buffer management involves the following steps: reading data and buffering; filling the buffer; reading data from the buffer; emptying the buffer.

Buffer management in Java I/O stream

In Java, the buffer is used in I/O stream Memory area for cached data. It can improve I/O performance and reduce the number of accesses to the underlying storage device.

Buffer management

In Java, buffers are managed by buffer classes such as BufferedReader and BufferedWriter. These classes wrap the underlying I/O streams and provide buffer functionality.

Buffer management involves the following steps:

1. Reading data: When reading data from an I/O stream, BufferedReaderWill buffer the data into its internal buffer.
2. Fill the buffer: If the buffer is not full, BufferedReader will continue to read data and fill the buffer.
3. Reading from the buffer: When the application requests data, BufferedReader returns data from the buffer.
4. Clear the buffer: When the buffer is full or the I/O operation is completed, BufferedReader will flush all remaining data in the buffer to the underlying I/O O flow.

Practical case

The following code demonstrates a practical case of using BufferedReader to manage the buffer:

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.FileReader;

public class BufferManagementExample {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try (BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("file.txt"))) {
            String line;

            // 从缓冲区读取数据
            while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
                // 处理行数据...
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

In In this example, BufferedReader uses an internal buffer to cache data read from the file.txt file. When the readLine() method is called, the buffer is automatically filled with data. The application only needs to read data from the buffer without interacting directly with the I/O stream.

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