How to catch exceptions in Java?

In Java, exceptions are caught through the try-catch statement. When an exception occurs, the code in the catch block is executed. There are many types of exceptions, including NullPointerException, IllegalArgumentException, IndexOutOfBoundsException, etc. Best practices include catching expected exceptions and providing meaningful error messages, and using finally blocks to release resources.

Exception handling in Java

Exception handling is an important aspect of handling unexpected events and controlling program flow. Java provides a comprehensive exception handling mechanism that allows developers to catch and handle exceptions.

How to catch exceptions

To catch exceptions, you can use the try-catch statement. The try block contains the code to be executed, while the catch block contains the code to be executed when an exception occurs.

try {
    // 代码块
} catch (ExceptionName e) {
    // 当 ExceptionName 类型异常发生时要执行的代码
}

Practical case:

The following example shows how to catch ArithmeticException:

try {
    int a = 10;
    int b = 0;
    int c = a / b;  // 会引发 ArithmeticException
} catch (ArithmeticException e) {
    System.out.println("出现除零异常！");
}

Exception type

Java provides numerous exception types to represent different types of errors. Common exception types include:

• NullPointerException - thrown when a null reference is accessed.
• IllegalArgumentException - Raised when an illegal argument is passed in.
• IndexOutOfBoundsException - Thrown when accessing a collection or array out of bounds.

Best Practices

• Always catch exceptions that you expect may occur.
• Catch the most specific exception using a specific exception type.
• Provide meaningful error messages to aid debugging.
• Consider using a finally block to release resources regardless of whether an exception occurs.

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