What types of system vulnerabilities are there?

System vulnerability types are classified by source: software vulnerabilities, hardware vulnerabilities, configuration vulnerabilities; classified by scope of impact: local vulnerabilities, remote vulnerabilities; classified by attack nature: privilege escalation vulnerabilities, information leakage vulnerabilities, denial of service vulnerabilities, Code execution vulnerabilities; classified by impact level: low-risk vulnerabilities, medium-risk vulnerabilities, high-risk vulnerabilities; classified by vulnerability exploitation methods: disclosed vulnerabilities, zero-day vulnerabilities.

Types of system vulnerabilities

System vulnerabilities refer to a flaw in the system that may allow unauthorized access User accesses, destroys, or steals system data or resources. There are many types of system vulnerabilities, which can be divided according to different classification standards.

Classification by vulnerability source

• Software vulnerabilities: are caused by defects in software design or implementation, such as buffer overflow, cross Website scripting attacks and SQL injection.
• Hardware vulnerabilities: are caused by defects in hardware design or manufacturing, such as timing attacks and side-channel attacks.
• Configuration vulnerability: Caused by improper system configuration or insecure default settings, such as weak passwords or security features not enabled.

Classified by scope of impact

• Local vulnerability: Allows local users to exploit the vulnerability to gain unauthorized access to the system or control.
• Remote Vulnerability: Allows a remote user to gain unauthorized access or control of the system through a network exploit.

Classification by attack nature

• Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability: Allows low-privileged users to elevate their privilege levels and gain higher permission.
• Information Disclosure Vulnerability: Allows an attacker to access or extract confidential information, such as user data, system logs, or files.
• Denial of service vulnerability: Makes the system or service unavailable, affecting normal operation.
• Code Execution Vulnerability: Allows an attacker to execute arbitrary code on the system and gain complete control of the system.

Classified by impact

• Low risk vulnerability: The impact is small and may only lead to information leakage or system stability sexual decline.
• Medium risk vulnerability: May allow an attacker to gain unauthorized access or damage certain functions of the system.
• High risk vulnerability: May allow an attacker to completely control the system or obtain critical information, causing significant damage.

Classification by vulnerability exploitation method

• Disclosed vulnerabilities: Vulnerabilities with published documents or known attack methods.
• Zero-day vulnerabilities: Vulnerabilities that have not been disclosed or have not yet been patched.

The above is the detailed content of What types of system vulnerabilities are there?. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!