Detailed explanation of Go language core files

The Go program does not generate core files by default and needs to be enabled by setting the GOMAXPROFILES=1 environment variable. The core file contains program status information and is generated when the program terminates abnormally. You can use the gdb tool to analyze register values, stack frames, and memory information to help debug and diagnose problems.

Go language core file detailed explanation

Introduction

The core file is a special type of file stored on the disk, which contains Information about the state of the running program, including register values, stack and heap pointers, and memory maps. When a program terminates abnormally, such as crashing or being terminated, a core file is usually generated.

Create core files

By default, Go programs do not create core files. To enable core file generation, you need to set the GOMAXPROFILES environment variable when starting the program:

GOMAXPROFILES=1 go run main.go

The above command will save the core file to the core file in the current directory .

Practical case

Suppose we have a simple Go program:

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "log"
)

func main() {
    var x int
    fmt.Println(x) // 未初始化的变量使用
    log.Panic("发生了错误") // 调用 Panic 触发异常
}

When running this program, an exception will occur and the core file will be generated. We can use the gdb tool to view the contents of the core file:

gdb ./core main

Analyze the core file

In gdb, we can use the following command to view the register value:

register

Use The following command can view the stack frame information:

bt

You can also use the following command to view the memory:

x/96xb 0x12345678

Conclusion

The core file is a valuable tool for debugging and diagnosing Go program exceptions. By enabling core file generation and analyzing them using tools like gdb, you can gain insight into program behavior and identify problems.

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