mysql/>MySQL易学易用,且附带丰富的技术文档,这二个因素使之被广泛应用。然而,随着mysql/>MySQL发展之迅速,即使一个mysql/>MySQL老手有时也会为该软件出其不意的功能感叹。本文将为你介绍这些不为人知的特性。 nf/eqhh-
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以XML格式查看查询结果 !)ava \
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通过使用传统—xml 选项调用MySQL命令行客户程序,你可以以XML格式(而不是传统的列表形式)来查看MySQL查询结果。如果你打算将查询输出与其它程序集成在一起,这一技巧非常有用,这里是一个例子: $t_pCEw\ e
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shell> mysql --xml VSW~YP9
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mysql> SELECT * FROM test.stories; sdYD/Y
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This is a test gr']aUi09
2005-07-28 00:14:57 7DBWyUV
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This is the second test "vAnQf
2005-07-28 00:15:11 iO[sQP]
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2 rows in set (0.11 sec) !8cN8tb
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快速重建索引 T~5wULw'
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通常情况下,如果你想改变服务器的全文搜索变量,你需要在表格中重新建立全文索引,以确保你的更新得到映射。这一操作将会花费大量的时间,特别是如果你需要处理很多数据的时候。一种快速的解决方法是使用REPAIR TABLE命令,以下为演示过程: 1#\ X]-
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mysql> REPAIR TABLE content QUICK; &\UYYJxyz
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| Table| Op| Msg_type | Msg_text | Ki}1To
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| content| repair | status| OK| -Wv c$SX
+-----------+--------+----------+----------+ $CUCXz[>n
1 row in set (0.05 sec) D~!au:\$
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压缩一定的表格类型 L5NGMF{zNL
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如果你处理的是只读MyISAM表格,MySQL允许你将其压缩以节省磁盘空间。对此可以使用包括myisampack,如下所示: @=R dG
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shell> myisampackmovies.MYI k"* \s .C
Compressing movies.MYD: (146 records) )Xblx
- Calculating statistics vP5R"4?
- Compressing file caa 3MA>
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使用传统SQL a,G{OtBB
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MySQL支持SQL查询中的传统用法,支持IF与CASE结构。以下是一个简单的例子: @b`@7L}Z
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mysql> SELECT IF (priv=1, 'admin', 'guest') As usertype FROM privs WHERE username = 'joe'; #N3blF%v
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| usertype | u[kdlZnqyc
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| admin| YIUj7H
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1 row in set (0.00 sec) 8nmS;o
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以CSV格式输出表格数据 uf@!CLF
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MySQL输出文件包含一个全部SQL命令列表。如果你想将输出文件导入到MySQL,这一功能非常实用,但如果目标程序(比如Excel)不能与SQL相互通讯,这一方法将行不通。在这种情况下,可以通过告诉MySQL以CSV格式建立输出文件,这种CSV格式很方便地导入到绝大部分的程序。这里演示了mysqldump的操作过程: MTiNuo`M
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shell> mysqldump -T . --fields-terminated-by=", " mydbmytable UD@6D>Q~"u
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这将在当前目录中生成一个文本文件,包含来自mydb.mytable列表中以逗号为间隔符的记录。 b@oLlb4-w
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以激活strict模式减少“bad”数据的出现 DA5WPDj-
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MySQL服务器能够以多种不同的模式运行,而每一种都针对于特定的目的而优化。在默认情况下,没有设置模式。然而,通过在服务器命令行中添加以下选项可以很容易地改变模式的设置并将MySQL以“strict”模式运行: 5mM#W:r
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shell> mysqld --sql_mode="STRICT_ALL_TABLES" & !

MySQLstringtypesimpactstorageandperformanceasfollows:1)CHARisfixed-length,alwaysusingthesamestoragespace,whichcanbefasterbutlessspace-efficient.2)VARCHARisvariable-length,morespace-efficientbutpotentiallyslower.3)TEXTisforlargetext,storedoutsiderows,

MySQLstringtypesincludeVARCHAR,TEXT,CHAR,ENUM,andSET.1)VARCHARisversatileforvariable-lengthstringsuptoaspecifiedlimit.2)TEXTisidealforlargetextstoragewithoutadefinedlength.3)CHARisfixed-length,suitableforconsistentdatalikecodes.4)ENUMenforcesdatainte

MySQLoffersvariousstringdatatypes:1)CHARforfixed-lengthstrings,2)VARCHARforvariable-lengthtext,3)BINARYandVARBINARYforbinarydata,4)BLOBandTEXTforlargedata,and5)ENUMandSETforcontrolledinput.Eachtypehasspecificusesandperformancecharacteristics,sochoose

TograntpermissionstonewMySQLusers,followthesesteps:1)AccessMySQLasauserwithsufficientprivileges,2)CreateanewuserwiththeCREATEUSERcommand,3)UsetheGRANTcommandtospecifypermissionslikeSELECT,INSERT,UPDATE,orALLPRIVILEGESonspecificdatabasesortables,and4)

ToaddusersinMySQLeffectivelyandsecurely,followthesesteps:1)UsetheCREATEUSERstatementtoaddanewuser,specifyingthehostandastrongpassword.2)GrantnecessaryprivilegesusingtheGRANTstatement,adheringtotheprincipleofleastprivilege.3)Implementsecuritymeasuresl

ToaddanewuserwithcomplexpermissionsinMySQL,followthesesteps:1)CreatetheuserwithCREATEUSER'newuser'@'localhost'IDENTIFIEDBY'password';.2)Grantreadaccesstoalltablesin'mydatabase'withGRANTSELECTONmydatabase.TO'newuser'@'localhost';.3)Grantwriteaccessto'

The string data types in MySQL include CHAR, VARCHAR, BINARY, VARBINARY, BLOB, and TEXT. The collations determine the comparison and sorting of strings. 1.CHAR is suitable for fixed-length strings, VARCHAR is suitable for variable-length strings. 2.BINARY and VARBINARY are used for binary data, and BLOB and TEXT are used for large object data. 3. Sorting rules such as utf8mb4_unicode_ci ignores upper and lower case and is suitable for user names; utf8mb4_bin is case sensitive and is suitable for fields that require precise comparison.

The best MySQLVARCHAR column length selection should be based on data analysis, consider future growth, evaluate performance impacts, and character set requirements. 1) Analyze the data to determine typical lengths; 2) Reserve future expansion space; 3) Pay attention to the impact of large lengths on performance; 4) Consider the impact of character sets on storage. Through these steps, the efficiency and scalability of the database can be optimized.


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