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JavaScript data type:
One of the most fundamental features of a programming language is the set of data types it supports. These are the types of programming language values that can be represented and manipulated.
JavaScript allows three basic data types:
JavaScript also defines two data types: null and undefined, each of which only limits a single value.
In addition to these basic data types, JavaScript supports composite data types called objects. We'll see object details covered in a separate chapter.
Note: Java does not make a distinction between integer and floating point values. All numbers in JavaScript are represented as floating point values. JavaScript represents numbers using the 64-bit floating point format defined by the IEEE 754 standard.
JavaScript variables:
Like many other programming languages, JavaScript has variables. Variables can be thought of as named containers. You can put data into these containers and then simply name the containers with reference to that data.
To use a variable in a JavaScript program, it must be declared. Variables are declared using the var keyword as follows:
<script type="text/javascript"> <!-- var money; var name; //--> </script>
You can also declare multiple variables with the same var keyword as follows:
<script type="text/javascript"> <!-- var money, name; //--> </script>
The value stored in a variable is called the initialization of the variable. It can be initialized when a variable is created or updated. It requires a variable, as shown below:
For example, you can create a variable named money and a value of 2000.50, and then assign it to it. For another variable, you can assign a value when initializing as follows:
<script type="text/javascript"> <!-- var name = "Ali"; var money; money = 2000.50; //--> </script>
Note: Use the var keyword only for declaration or initialization. Once a variable name is declared it lives throughout the document. No need to redeclare the same variable twice.
JavaScript is a typed language. This means that JavaScript variables can hold values of any data type. Unlike many other languages, you don't have to tell JavaScript in a variable declaration what type of value the variable will hold. The value type of a variable can be changed during the execution of the program and JavaScript will do so automatically.
JavaScript variable scope:
The scope of a variable is the area in the program where it is defined. JavaScript variables will only have two categories.
In the body of a function, local variables take precedence over global variables with the same name. If you declare a global variable with the same name as a local variable or a function parameter, you can effectively hide the global variable. Let’s give an example below:
<script type="text/javascript"> <!-- var myVar = "global"; // Declare a global variable function checkscope( ) { var myVar = "local"; // Declare a local variable document.write(myVar); } //--> </script>
This will produce the following results:
local
JavaScript variable name:
Although variable naming in JavaScript maintains the following rules.
JavaScript reserved words:
The following are reserved words in JavaScript. They cannot be used with JavaScript variables, functions, methods, loop tags, or any object names.