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HomeDatabaseMysql TutorialPHP+MYSQL 网站开发中遇到的问题汇总(2)_MySQL

  5. 采用 header() 函数处理单部件查询
  
  在很多 Web 数据库应用中,一些功能往往让用户点击一个连接后,继续停留在当前页面,这样的工作我叫它“单部件查询”。

  下面是一个叫做 calling.php 的脚本:

  "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN"
  "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd" >

  Click here!

  当用户点击上面的连接时,就去调用 action.php。下面是 action.php 的源码:

  // 数据库功能

  // 重定向
  header("Location: $HTTP_REFERER");
  exit;
  ?>

  这里有两个常见的错误需要提醒一下:

  调用 header() 函数后要包含一个 exit 语句让脚本停止,否则后续的脚本可能会在头发送前输出。

  header() 函数常见的一个错误是:

  Warning: Cannot add header information - headers already sent...

  header() 函数只能在 HTML 输出之前被调用,因此你需要检查 php 前面可能存在的空行,空格等等。

  6. reload 的问题及其解决

  我以前在写 PHP 程序时,经常碰到页面刷新时,数据库多处理一次的情况。
  我们来看 addcust.php:

$query = "INSERT INTO customer  SET surname = $surname,  firstname = $firstname";  $connection = mysql_connect("localhost", "fred", "shhh");  mysql_select_db("winestore", $connection);  $result = mysql_query($query, $connection);  ?>  "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN"  "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd" >  I've inserted the customer for you.  ?>

  假设我们用下面的连接使用这个程序:

  http://www.freelamp.com/addcust.php?surname=Smith&firstname=Fred

  如果这个请求只提交一次,OK ,不会有问题,但是如果多次刷新,你就会有多条记录插入。
  这个问题可以通过 header() 函数解决:下面是新版本的 addcust.php:

$query = "INSERT INTO customer  SET surname = $surname,  firstname = $firstname";  $connection = mysql_connect("localhost", "fred", "shhh");  mysql_select_db("winestore", $connection);  $result = mysql_query($query, $connection);  header("Location: cust_receipt.php");  ?>

  这个脚本把浏览器重定向到一个新的页面:cust_receipt.php:

  "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN"
  "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd" >

  I've inserted the customer for you.

  这样,原来的页面继续刷新也没有副作用了。

  7. 巧用锁机制来提高应用性能

  如果我们要紧急运行一个报表,那么,我们可以对表加写锁,防治别人读写,来提高对这个表的处理速度。

  8. 用 mysql_unbuffered_query() 开发快速的脚本

  这个函数能用来替换 mysql_query() 函数,主要的区别就是 mysql_unbuffered_query() 执行完查询后马上返回,不需要等待或者对数据库加锁。

  但是返回的行数不能用mysql_num_rows() 函数来检查,因为输出的结果集大小未知。

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