1、 安装和启动
安装mysql可以通过freebsd自带的port来安装,在/stand/sysinstall中来选择,选择configure中的packages.安装之后,mysql的所有安装文件都被安装在了/usr/local中.mysql在第三张盘和第四张盘里面都有。
启动mysql的服务器
chu888# cd /usr/local/etc/rc.d
chu888# ls
00mysql-client.sh mysql-server.sh
chu888# ./mysql-server.sh start
使用mysql的客户端
chu888# cd /usr/local/bin
chu888# ls my*
my_print_defaults mysqlaccess
myisamchk mysqladmin
myisamlog mysqlbinlog
myisampack mysqlbug
mysql mysqlcheck
mysql_config mysqld_multi
mysql_convert_table_format mysqldump
mysql_find_rows mysqldumpslow
mysql_fix_privilege_tables mysqlhotcopy
mysql_install_db mysqlimport
mysql_setpermission mysqlshow
mysql_zap mysqltest
chu888# ./mysql
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or /g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2 to server version: 3.23.47
Type 'help;' or '/h' for help. Type '/c' to clear the buffer.
mysql>
如果看到这个mysql>的提示符,说明你以可以使用这个数据库了。
2 mysql管理
首先我们应该认识以下几个应用程序:
mysql是一个交互式的程序,允许将SQL语句发布到服务器上并浏览其结果
mysqladmin一个管理程序,允许执行诸如关闭服务器以及创建或删除数据库的工作
isamchk和myisamchk这些实用程序将帮助你完成表的分析和优化,以及在表损坏时进行崩溃恢复。
Mysqldump一个工具,用于备份或将数据库拷贝到另一个服务器中
3 数据库目录的位置
可以使用mysqladmin直接得到
chu888# ./mysqladmin variables
4 mysql数据表的表示法
格式文件 .frm 描述表的结构
数据文件 .isd或.myd 包含表的数据
索引文件 .isd或.myi索引文件
5 关闭数据库
chu888#./mysqladmin shutdown
6 备份数据库
chu888#mysqldump samp_db>/usr/tmp/samp_db.2002
7 恢复数据库
chu888#mysqldump samp_db/tmp/samp_db.2002
8 修改数据库的密码
chu888# ./mysqladmin -uroot -p password '123456'
chu888# ./mysql -h localhost -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or /g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2 to server version: 3.23.47
Type 'help;' or '/h' for help. Type '/c' to clear the buffer.
mysql>
mysql的最基本使用
chu888# ./mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or /g.
Your MySQL connection id is 6 to server version: 3.23.47
Type 'help;' or '/h' for help. Type '/c' to clear the buffer.
mysql> show databases;
+----------+
| Database |
+----------+
| mysql |
| test |
+----------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> create database chu888;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> use chu888;
Database changed
mysql> select now(),user(),version();
+---------------------+----------------+-----------+
| now() | user() | version() |
+---------------------+----------------+-----------+
| 2003-06-19 06:13:58 | root@localhost | 3.23.47 |
+---------------------+----------------+-----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
有得时候在输入大量的SQL脚本时比较麻烦,这时如何办哪?
#./mysql
mysql> create database testsql;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> show databases;
+----------+
| Database |
+----------+
| chu888 |
| mysql |
| test |
| testsql |
+----------+
4 rows in set (0.02 sec)
mysql>
mysql> create table president
-> (
-> last_name varchar(15) not null,
-> first_name varchar(15) not null,
-> suffix varchar(5) null,
-> city varchar(20) not null,
-> state varchar(2) not null,
-> birth date not null,
-> death date null
-> )
-> ;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
mysql> insert into president values('Robbert','Wan','ok','Ol','a','1934-11-22','1989-2-11');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)
mysql> insert into president values('a','Wan','ok','Ol','a','1934-11-22','1989-2-11');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> update president set last_name='liu' where last_name='a'
-> ;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0
mysql> delete from president where last_name='liu'
-> ;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
mysql>

InnoDBBufferPool reduces disk I/O by caching data and indexing pages, improving database performance. Its working principle includes: 1. Data reading: Read data from BufferPool; 2. Data writing: After modifying the data, write to BufferPool and refresh it to disk regularly; 3. Cache management: Use the LRU algorithm to manage cache pages; 4. Reading mechanism: Load adjacent data pages in advance. By sizing the BufferPool and using multiple instances, database performance can be optimized.

Compared with other programming languages, MySQL is mainly used to store and manage data, while other languages such as Python, Java, and C are used for logical processing and application development. MySQL is known for its high performance, scalability and cross-platform support, suitable for data management needs, while other languages have advantages in their respective fields such as data analytics, enterprise applications, and system programming.

MySQL is worth learning because it is a powerful open source database management system suitable for data storage, management and analysis. 1) MySQL is a relational database that uses SQL to operate data and is suitable for structured data management. 2) The SQL language is the key to interacting with MySQL and supports CRUD operations. 3) The working principle of MySQL includes client/server architecture, storage engine and query optimizer. 4) Basic usage includes creating databases and tables, and advanced usage involves joining tables using JOIN. 5) Common errors include syntax errors and permission issues, and debugging skills include checking syntax and using EXPLAIN commands. 6) Performance optimization involves the use of indexes, optimization of SQL statements and regular maintenance of databases.

MySQL is suitable for beginners to learn database skills. 1. Install MySQL server and client tools. 2. Understand basic SQL queries, such as SELECT. 3. Master data operations: create tables, insert, update, and delete data. 4. Learn advanced skills: subquery and window functions. 5. Debugging and optimization: Check syntax, use indexes, avoid SELECT*, and use LIMIT.

MySQL efficiently manages structured data through table structure and SQL query, and implements inter-table relationships through foreign keys. 1. Define the data format and type when creating a table. 2. Use foreign keys to establish relationships between tables. 3. Improve performance through indexing and query optimization. 4. Regularly backup and monitor databases to ensure data security and performance optimization.

MySQL is an open source relational database management system that is widely used in Web development. Its key features include: 1. Supports multiple storage engines, such as InnoDB and MyISAM, suitable for different scenarios; 2. Provides master-slave replication functions to facilitate load balancing and data backup; 3. Improve query efficiency through query optimization and index use.

SQL is used to interact with MySQL database to realize data addition, deletion, modification, inspection and database design. 1) SQL performs data operations through SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE statements; 2) Use CREATE, ALTER, DROP statements for database design and management; 3) Complex queries and data analysis are implemented through SQL to improve business decision-making efficiency.

The basic operations of MySQL include creating databases, tables, and using SQL to perform CRUD operations on data. 1. Create a database: CREATEDATABASEmy_first_db; 2. Create a table: CREATETABLEbooks(idINTAUTO_INCREMENTPRIMARYKEY, titleVARCHAR(100)NOTNULL, authorVARCHAR(100)NOTNULL, published_yearINT); 3. Insert data: INSERTINTObooks(title, author, published_year)VA


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