search

    4.6 管理员的优化

    前面各段介绍了普通的MySQL用户利用表创建和索引操作,以及利用查询的编写能够进行的优化。不过,还有一些只能由MySQL管理员和系统管理员来完成的优化,这些管理员在MySQL服务器或运行MySQL的机器上具有控制权。有的服务器参数直接适用于查询处理,可将它们打开。而有的硬件配置问题直接影响查询处理速度,应该对它们进行调整。

    4.6.1服务器参数

    服务器有几个能够改变从而影响其操作的参数(或称变量)。有关服务器参数优化的综合介绍请参见第11章,但其中几个参数主要与查询有关,有必要在此提一下:

    ■ delayed _ queue _ size

    此参数在执行其他INSERT DELAYED 语句的客户机阻塞以前,确定来自INSERT DELAYED 语句的放入队列的行的数目。增加这个参数的值使服务器能从这种请求中接收更多的行,因而客户机可以继续执行而不阻塞。

    ■ key _ buffer _ size

    此参数为用来存放索引块的缓冲区尺寸。如果内存多,增加这个值能节省索引创建和修改的时间。较大的值使MySQL能在内存中存储更多的索引块,这样增加了在内存中找到键值而不用读磁盘块的可能性。在MySQL3.23 版及以后的版本中,如果增加了键缓冲区的尺寸,可能还希望用- - init -file 选项启动服务器。这样能够指定一个服务器启动时执行的SQL 语句文件。如果有想要存放在内存中的只读表,可将它们拷贝到索引查找非常快的HEAP 表。

    4.6.2 硬件问题

    可利用硬件更有效地改善服务器的性能:

    ■ 在机器中安装更多的内存。这样能够增加服务器的高速缓存和缓冲区的尺寸,使服务器更经常地使用存放在内存中的信息,降低从磁盘取信息的要求。

    ■ 如果有足够的RAM 使所有交换在内存文件系统中完成,那么应该重新配置系统,去掉所有磁盘交换设置。否则,即使有足以满足交换的R A M,某些系统仍然要与磁盘进行交换。

    ■ 增加更快的磁盘以减少I/O 等待时间。寻道时间是这里决定性能的主要因素。逐字地移动磁头是很慢的,一旦磁头定位,从磁道读块则较快。

    ■ 在不同的物理设备上设法重新分配磁盘活动。如果可能,应将您的两个最繁忙的数据库存放在不同的物理设备上。请注意,使用同一物理设备上的不同分区是不够的。这样没有帮助,因为它们仍将争用相同的物理资源(磁盘头)。移动数据库的过程在第10章中介绍。

    在将数据重新放到不同设备之前,应该保证了解该系统的装载特性。如果在特定的物理设备上已经有了某些特定的主要活动,将数据库放到该处实际上可能会使性能更坏。例如,不要把数据库移到处理大量Web 通信的Web 服务器设备上。

    ■ 在设置MySQL时,应该配置其使用静态库而不是共享库。使用共享库的动态二进制系统可节省磁盘空间,但静态二进制系统更快(然而,如果希望装入用户自定义的函数,则不能使用静态二进制系统,因为UDF 机制依赖于动态连接)。

Statement
The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn
How do you create and manage user accounts in MySQL?How do you create and manage user accounts in MySQL?Apr 22, 2025 pm 06:05 PM

The steps to create and manage user accounts in MySQL are as follows: 1. Create a user: Use CREATEUSER'newuser'@'localhost'IDENTIFIEDBY'password'; 2. Assign permissions: Use GRANTSELECT, INSERT, UPDATEONmydatabase.TO'newuser'@'localhost'; 3. Fix permission error: Use REVOKEALLPRIVILEGESONmydatabase.FROM'newuser'@'localhost'; then reassign permissions; 4. Optimization permissions: Use SHOWGRA

How does MySQL differ from Oracle?How does MySQL differ from Oracle?Apr 22, 2025 pm 05:57 PM

MySQL is suitable for rapid development and small and medium-sized applications, while Oracle is suitable for large enterprises and high availability needs. 1) MySQL is open source and easy to use, suitable for web applications and small and medium-sized enterprises. 2) Oracle is powerful and suitable for large enterprises and government agencies. 3) MySQL supports a variety of storage engines, and Oracle provides rich enterprise-level functions.

What are the disadvantages of using MySQL compared to other relational databases?What are the disadvantages of using MySQL compared to other relational databases?Apr 22, 2025 pm 05:49 PM

The disadvantages of MySQL compared to other relational databases include: 1. Performance issues: You may encounter bottlenecks when processing large-scale data, and PostgreSQL performs better in complex queries and big data processing. 2. Scalability: The horizontal scaling ability is not as good as Google Spanner and Amazon Aurora. 3. Functional limitations: Not as good as PostgreSQL and Oracle in advanced functions, some functions require more custom code and maintenance.

How do you perform a JOIN operation in MySQL?How do you perform a JOIN operation in MySQL?Apr 22, 2025 pm 05:41 PM

MySQL supports four JOIN types: INNERJOIN, LEFTJOIN, RIGHTJOIN and FULLOUTERJOIN. 1.INNERJOIN is used to match rows in two tables and return results that meet the criteria. 2.LEFTJOIN returns all rows in the left table, even if the right table does not match. 3. RIGHTJOIN is opposite to LEFTJOIN and returns all rows in the right table. 4.FULLOUTERJOIN returns all rows in the two tables that meet or do not meet the conditions.

How does MySQL's performance compare to other RDBMS under high load?How does MySQL's performance compare to other RDBMS under high load?Apr 22, 2025 pm 05:37 PM

MySQL's performance under high load has its advantages and disadvantages compared with other RDBMSs. 1) MySQL performs well under high loads through the InnoDB engine and optimization strategies such as indexing, query cache and partition tables. 2) PostgreSQL provides efficient concurrent read and write through the MVCC mechanism, while Oracle and Microsoft SQLServer improve performance through their respective optimization strategies. With reasonable configuration and optimization, MySQL can perform well in high load environments.

Explain the InnoDB Buffer Pool and its importance for performance.Explain the InnoDB Buffer Pool and its importance for performance.Apr 19, 2025 am 12:24 AM

InnoDBBufferPool reduces disk I/O by caching data and indexing pages, improving database performance. Its working principle includes: 1. Data reading: Read data from BufferPool; 2. Data writing: After modifying the data, write to BufferPool and refresh it to disk regularly; 3. Cache management: Use the LRU algorithm to manage cache pages; 4. Reading mechanism: Load adjacent data pages in advance. By sizing the BufferPool and using multiple instances, database performance can be optimized.

MySQL vs. Other Programming Languages: A ComparisonMySQL vs. Other Programming Languages: A ComparisonApr 19, 2025 am 12:22 AM

Compared with other programming languages, MySQL is mainly used to store and manage data, while other languages ​​such as Python, Java, and C are used for logical processing and application development. MySQL is known for its high performance, scalability and cross-platform support, suitable for data management needs, while other languages ​​have advantages in their respective fields such as data analytics, enterprise applications, and system programming.

Learning MySQL: A Step-by-Step Guide for New UsersLearning MySQL: A Step-by-Step Guide for New UsersApr 19, 2025 am 12:19 AM

MySQL is worth learning because it is a powerful open source database management system suitable for data storage, management and analysis. 1) MySQL is a relational database that uses SQL to operate data and is suitable for structured data management. 2) The SQL language is the key to interacting with MySQL and supports CRUD operations. 3) The working principle of MySQL includes client/server architecture, storage engine and query optimizer. 4) Basic usage includes creating databases and tables, and advanced usage involves joining tables using JOIN. 5) Common errors include syntax errors and permission issues, and debugging skills include checking syntax and using EXPLAIN commands. 6) Performance optimization involves the use of indexes, optimization of SQL statements and regular maintenance of databases.

See all articles

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress

Undresser.AI Undress

AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover

AI Clothes Remover

Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool

Undress AI Tool

Undress images for free

Clothoff.io

Clothoff.io

AI clothes remover

Video Face Swap

Video Face Swap

Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!

Hot Tools

Atom editor mac version download

Atom editor mac version download

The most popular open source editor

SublimeText3 English version

SublimeText3 English version

Recommended: Win version, supports code prompts!

mPDF

mPDF

mPDF is a PHP library that can generate PDF files from UTF-8 encoded HTML. The original author, Ian Back, wrote mPDF to output PDF files "on the fly" from his website and handle different languages. It is slower than original scripts like HTML2FPDF and produces larger files when using Unicode fonts, but supports CSS styles etc. and has a lot of enhancements. Supports almost all languages, including RTL (Arabic and Hebrew) and CJK (Chinese, Japanese and Korean). Supports nested block-level elements (such as P, DIV),

DVWA

DVWA

Damn Vulnerable Web App (DVWA) is a PHP/MySQL web application that is very vulnerable. Its main goals are to be an aid for security professionals to test their skills and tools in a legal environment, to help web developers better understand the process of securing web applications, and to help teachers/students teach/learn in a classroom environment Web application security. The goal of DVWA is to practice some of the most common web vulnerabilities through a simple and straightforward interface, with varying degrees of difficulty. Please note that this software

MinGW - Minimalist GNU for Windows

MinGW - Minimalist GNU for Windows

This project is in the process of being migrated to osdn.net/projects/mingw, you can continue to follow us there. MinGW: A native Windows port of the GNU Compiler Collection (GCC), freely distributable import libraries and header files for building native Windows applications; includes extensions to the MSVC runtime to support C99 functionality. All MinGW software can run on 64-bit Windows platforms.