1、mysql 数据库没有增量备份的机制,当数据量太大的时候备份是一个很大的问题。还好 mysql 数据库提供了一种主从备份的机制,其实就是把主数据库的所有的数据同时写到备份数据库中。实现 mysql 数据库的热备份。
2、要想实现双机的热备首先要了解主从数据库服务器的版本的需求。要实现热备 mysql 的版本都要高于3.2,还有一个基本的原则就是作为从数据库的数据库版本可以高于主服务器数据库的版本,但是不可以低于主服务器的数据库版本。
3、设置主数据库服务器:
a. 首先查看主服务器的版本是否是支持热备的版本。然后查看 my.cnf(类 unix)或者 my.ini(windows)中 mysqld 配置块的配置有没有 log-bin (记录数据库更改日志),因为 mysql 的复制机制是基于日志的复制机制,所以主服务器一定要支持更改日志才行。然后设置要写入日志的数据库或者不要写入日志的数据库。这样只有您感兴趣的数据库的更改才写入到数据库的日志中。
server-id=1 //数据库的 id 这个应该默认是1就不用改动
log-bin=log_name //日志文件的名称,这里可以制定日志到别的目录 如果没有设置则默认主机名的一个日志名称
binlog-do-db=db_name //记录日志的数据库
binlog-ignore-db=db_name //不记录日志的数据库
以上的如果有多个数据库用","分割开,然后设置同步数据库的用户帐号
mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.*
-> TO 'repl'@'%.mydomain.com' IDENTIFIED BY 'slavepass';
4.0.2 以前的版本, 因为不支持 REPLICATION 要使用下面的语句来实现这个功能
mysql> GRANT FILE ON *.*
-> TO 'repl'@'%.mydomain.com' IDENTIFIED BY 'slavepass';

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