如果遇到“ERROR '...'未发现(errno: 23)”,“无法打开文件:... (errno: 24)”,或来自MySQL的具有errno 23或errno 24的其它错误,它表示未为MySQL服务器分配足够的文件描述符。你可以使用perror实用工具来了解错误编号的含义:
shell> perror 23
错误代码23:文件表溢出
shell> perror 24
错误代码24:打开文件过多
shell> perror 11
错误代码11:资源暂时不可用
这里的问题是,mysqld正试图同时打开过多的文件。你可以通知mysqld不要一次打开过多文件,或增加mysqld可用文件描述符的数目。
要想通知mysqld将一次打开的文件控制在较小的数目上,可降低table_cache系统变量的值(),从而减少表高速缓冲(默认值为64)。降低max_connections的值也能降低打开文件的数目(默认值为100)。
要想更改mysqld可用的文件描述符的数目,可在mysqld_safe上使用“--open-files-limit”选项或设置(自MySQL 3.23.30开始)open_files_limit系统变量。
设置这些值的最简单方式是在选项文件中增加1个选项。
如果mysqld的版本较低,不支持设置打开文件的数目,可编辑mysqld_safe脚本。在脚本中有1个注释掉的行ulimit -n 256。你可以删除‘#’字符取消对该行的注释,更改数值256,以设置mysqld可用的文件描述符数目。
“--open-files-limit”和ulimit能够增加文件描述符的数目,但最高不能超过操作系统限制的数目。此外还有1个“硬”限制,仅当以根用户身份启动mysqld_safe或mysqld时才能覆盖它(请记住,在该情况下,还需使用“--user”选项启动服务器,以便在启动后不再以根用户身份继续运行)。如果需要增加操作系统限制的对各进程可用文件描述符的数目,请参阅系统文档。
注释:如果运行tcsh shell,ulimit不工作!请求当前限制值时,tcsh还能通报不正确的值。在该情况下,应使用sh启动mysqld_safe。

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