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使用MySQL时的一些常见错误_MySQL

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Jun 01, 2016 pm 01:55 PM

server

MySQL server has gone away错误

本小节也涉及有关Lost connection to server during query的错误。

对MySQL server has gone away错误最常见的原因是服务器超时了并且关闭了连接。缺省地，如果没有事情发生，服务器在 8个小时后关闭连接。你可在启动mysqld时通过设置wait_timeout变量改变时间限制。

你可以通过执行mysqladmin version并且检验正常运行的时间来检查MySQL还没死掉。

如果你有一个脚本，你只须再发出查询让客护进行一次自动的重新连接。

在这种请下，你通常能获得下列错误代码(你得到的是OS相关的)：

CR_SERVER_GONE_ERROR 客户不能发送一个问题给服务器。

CR_SERVER_LOST 当写服务器时，客户没有出错，但是它没有得到对问题的一个完整的答案(或任何答案)。

如果你向服务器发送不正确的或太大的查询，你也可能得到这些错误。如果mysqld得到一个太大或不正常的包，它认为客户出错了并关闭连接。如果你需要较大的查询(例如，如果你正在处理较大的BLOB列)，你可以使用-O max_allowed_packet=#选项(缺省1M)启动mysqld以增加查询限制。多余的内存按需分配，这样mysqld只有在你发出较大差询时或mysqld必须返回较大的结果行时，才使用更多的内存！

Can''t connect to [local] MySQL server错误

一个MySQL客户可以两种不同的方式连接mysqld服务器：Unix套接字，它通过在文件系统中的一个文件(缺省“/tmp/mysqld.sock”)进行连接；或TCP/IP，它通过一个端口号连接。Unix套接字比TCP/IP更快，但是只有用在连接同一台计算机上的服务器。如果你不指定主机名或如果你指定特殊的主机名localhost，使用Unix套接字。

错误(2002）Can''t connect to ...通常意味着没有一个MySQL服务器运行在系统上或当试图连接mysqld服务器时，你正在使用一个错误的套接字文件或TCP/IP端口。

由检查(使用ps)在你的服务器上有一个名为mysqld的进程启动！如果没有任何mysqld过程，你应该启动一个。见4.15.2 启动MySQL服务器的问题。

如果一个mysqld过程正在运行，你可以通过尝试这些不同的连接来检查服务器(当然，端口号和套接字路径名可能在你的安装中是不同的)：

shell> mysqladmin version
shell> mysqladmin variables
shell> mysqladmin -h `hostname` version variables
shell> mysqladmin -h `hostname` --port=3306 version
shell> mysqladmin -h ''ip for your host'' version
shell> mysqladmin --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock version

注意hostname命令使用反引号“`”而非正引号“''”；这些导致hostname输出（即，当前主机名)被代替进mysqladmin命令中。

这是可能造成Can''t connect to local MySQL server错误的一些原因：

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