InnoDB做为MySQL目前最广泛的事务存储引擎,很多地方的设计和Oracle都是共通的。对于Oracle DBA来说,学习的时候可以多和Oracle的一些特性进行类比,当然也要明白二者之间的区别。
innodb_additional_mem_pool_size
用于缓存InnoDB数据字典及其他内部结构的内存池大小,类似于Oracle的library cache。这不是一个强制参数,可以被突破。
innodb_buffer_pool_size
内存缓冲池大小,用于缓存表和索引数据等。类似于Oracle的buffer cache,如果可能,尽可能的设置大一点。
innodb_log_buffer_size
日志缓冲区大小,类似于Oracle的log buffer
innodb_log_file_size
日志文件大小。默认会创建2个5M大小的名为ib_logfile0和ib_logfile1的文件。日志文件的数目由参数innodb_log_files_in_group指定。存放位置由innodb_log_group_home_dir指定。
innodb_data_file_path
指定InnoDB表空间数据文件名,大小以及其他属性。所有文件的加起来不能少于10M。多个数据文件之间以逗号分割,属性之间以冒号分割。默认创建一个大小10MB名为ibdata1的可自动扩展的数据文件,一般在生产环境中都需要根据实际情况指定,由于往表空间中添加数据文件需要停机,尽量在规划的时候做好准备,如果可以的话最好开启最后一个数据文件的自动增长属性。数据文件的个数在规划的时候还需要考虑另外一个innodb_open_files参数。
innodb_file_per_table
取值为ON或者OFF。是否为每个table使用单独的数据文件保存。如果系统中表的个数不多,并且没有超大表,使用该参数可以使得各个表之间的维护相对独立,有一定的好处。
innodb_autoextend_increment
当自动扩展表空间被填满之时,每次扩展空间的大小,默认值是8(单位MB)。该参数可以动态修改:
mysql> set global innodb_autoextend_increment=10;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
innodb_status_file
定期将show inndb status的结果输出保存到文件中,建议开启以便分析性能。
下面是windows上一个MySQL默认的参数查询结果:
mysql> show variables like 'Innodb%';
+---------------------------------+------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------------------------+------------------------+
| innodb_additional_mem_pool_size | 2097152 |
| innodb_autoextend_increment | 8 |
| innodb_buffer_pool_awe_mem_mb | 0 |
| innodb_buffer_pool_size | 8388608 |
| innodb_checksums | ON |
| innodb_commit_concurrency | 0 |
| innodb_concurrency_tickets | 500 |
| innodb_data_file_path | ibdata1:10M:autoextend |
| innodb_data_home_dir | |
| innodb_doublewrite | ON |
| innodb_fast_shutdown | 1 |
| innodb_file_io_threads | 4 |
| innodb_file_per_table | OFF |
| innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit | 1 |
| innodb_flush_method | |
| innodb_force_recovery | 0 |
| innodb_lock_wait_timeout | 50 |
| innodb_locks_unsafe_for_binlog | OFF |
| innodb_log_arch_dir | |
| innodb_log_archive | OFF |
| innodb_log_buffer_size | 1048576 |
| innodb_log_file_size | 10485760 |
| innodb_log_files_in_group | 2 |
| innodb_log_group_home_dir | . |
| innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct | 90 |
| innodb_max_purge_lag | 0 |
| innodb_mirrored_log_groups | 1 |
| innodb_open_files | 300 |
| innodb_rollback_on_timeout | OFF |
| innodb_support_xa | ON |
| innodb_sync_spin_loops | 20 |
| innodb_table_locks | ON |
| innodb_thread_concurrency | 8 |
| innodb_thread_sleep_delay | 10000 |
+---------------------------------+------------------------+

MySQL's position in databases and programming is very important. It is an open source relational database management system that is widely used in various application scenarios. 1) MySQL provides efficient data storage, organization and retrieval functions, supporting Web, mobile and enterprise-level systems. 2) It uses a client-server architecture, supports multiple storage engines and index optimization. 3) Basic usages include creating tables and inserting data, and advanced usages involve multi-table JOINs and complex queries. 4) Frequently asked questions such as SQL syntax errors and performance issues can be debugged through the EXPLAIN command and slow query log. 5) Performance optimization methods include rational use of indexes, optimized query and use of caches. Best practices include using transactions and PreparedStatemen

MySQL is suitable for small and large enterprises. 1) Small businesses can use MySQL for basic data management, such as storing customer information. 2) Large enterprises can use MySQL to process massive data and complex business logic to optimize query performance and transaction processing.

InnoDB effectively prevents phantom reading through Next-KeyLocking mechanism. 1) Next-KeyLocking combines row lock and gap lock to lock records and their gaps to prevent new records from being inserted. 2) In practical applications, by optimizing query and adjusting isolation levels, lock competition can be reduced and concurrency performance can be improved.

MySQL is not a programming language, but its query language SQL has the characteristics of a programming language: 1. SQL supports conditional judgment, loops and variable operations; 2. Through stored procedures, triggers and functions, users can perform complex logical operations in the database.

MySQL is an open source relational database management system, mainly used to store and retrieve data quickly and reliably. Its working principle includes client requests, query resolution, execution of queries and return results. Examples of usage include creating tables, inserting and querying data, and advanced features such as JOIN operations. Common errors involve SQL syntax, data types, and permissions, and optimization suggestions include the use of indexes, optimized queries, and partitioning of tables.

MySQL is an open source relational database management system suitable for data storage, management, query and security. 1. It supports a variety of operating systems and is widely used in Web applications and other fields. 2. Through the client-server architecture and different storage engines, MySQL processes data efficiently. 3. Basic usage includes creating databases and tables, inserting, querying and updating data. 4. Advanced usage involves complex queries and stored procedures. 5. Common errors can be debugged through the EXPLAIN statement. 6. Performance optimization includes the rational use of indexes and optimized query statements.

MySQL is chosen for its performance, reliability, ease of use, and community support. 1.MySQL provides efficient data storage and retrieval functions, supporting multiple data types and advanced query operations. 2. Adopt client-server architecture and multiple storage engines to support transaction and query optimization. 3. Easy to use, supports a variety of operating systems and programming languages. 4. Have strong community support and provide rich resources and solutions.

InnoDB's lock mechanisms include shared locks, exclusive locks, intention locks, record locks, gap locks and next key locks. 1. Shared lock allows transactions to read data without preventing other transactions from reading. 2. Exclusive lock prevents other transactions from reading and modifying data. 3. Intention lock optimizes lock efficiency. 4. Record lock lock index record. 5. Gap lock locks index recording gap. 6. The next key lock is a combination of record lock and gap lock to ensure data consistency.


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