The Mystery of Python Classes and Objects: 20 Puzzles Solved

2. How to create a class? Use the class keyword, followed by the class name and a colon. The class body contains statements that define methods and properties.

3. How to create an object? Use the name of the class as a function call with no parameters in parentheses. This will return a new object instance of this class.

4. How to access the properties of an object? Use the dot (.) operator. For example, obj.attribute accesses the attribute attribute of object obj.

5. How to call the object's method? Use the dot (.) operator, followed by the method name and the parameters in parentheses. For example, obj.method(args) calls method method of object obj.

6. How to inherit a class? Use the class keyword and specify the parent class name. The subclass will inherit all properties and methods of the parent class and can also add its own.

7. What does overriding a method mean? When a child class defines a method with the same name as the parent class, it is called overriding. The methods of the subclass will override the methods of the parent class.

8. What does multiple inheritance mean? When a class inherits from multiple parent classes, it is called multiple inheritance. Subclasses will inherit all properties and methods of the parent class.

9. What is the constructor? Special method that is automatically called when an object is created. It is used to initialize the state of the object.

10. What is the destructor? Special method that is automatically called when the object is destroyed. It is used to clean up resources.

11. What is the difference between class variables and instance variables? Class variables belong to the class itself and are shared by all objects. Instance variables belong to a specific object and are not shared between different objects.

12. What does data encapsulation mean? Hide data and methods for manipulating data in classes to protect the data from external access.

13. What are the benefits of code reuse? Through inheritance and polymorphism, classes can reuse code and create new classes without having to rewrite all the code.

14. What do the private properties and methods of a class mean? Properties and methods starting with a double underscore (__) are private and can only be accessed from within the class.

15. What is the magic method? Special methods, starting and ending with a double underscore (__), used for specific operations in python, such as comparisons or string representation.

16. What do static methods and class methods mean? Static methods do not use any object instance, while class methods use the class itself as parameter.

17. What is a property decorator? Decorators are used to modify the behavior of class properties without modifying the code.

18. What does polymorphism mean? Objects of a subclass can be accessed through a reference to the parent class, allowing different objects to be processed in the same way.

19. What is the difference between interface and abstract class? An interface defines the contract of an abstract method, while an abstract class provides the skeleton for implementing the method.

20. What is a code generator? Class method that returns a generator object that can generate values ​​on demand.

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