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你不可能随时备份数据,但你的数据丢失时,或者数据库目录中的文件损坏时, 你只能恢复已经备份的文件,而在这之后的插入或更新的数据,就无能为力了。解决这个问题,就必须使用更新日志。更新日志可以实时记录更新、插入和删除记录的SQL语句。
启用日志
当以--log-update=file_name选项启动时,mysqld将所有更新数据的SQL命令写入记录文件中。文件被写入数据目录并且有一个名字file_name.#,这里#是一个数字,它在每次执行mysqladmin refresh或mysqladmin flush-logs、FLUSH LOGS语句、或重启服务器时加1。
如果你不指定file_name,缺省使用服务器的主机名。
如果你在文件命中指定扩展名,那么更新日志不再使用顺序文件,使用指定的文件。但是当你它在每次执行mysqladmin refresh或mysqladmin flush-logs、FLUSH LOGS语句、或重启服务器时日志文件被清空。
更新记录很聪明,因为它仅仅记载真正更新数据的语句。因此一个用WHERE的UPDATE或DELETE找不到行,它就不被写入记录文件。它甚至跳过将设置一个列为它已经有的值的UPDATE语句。
重写日志
必须着重指出的是,在下列情况之一,将使用新的日志文件――日志文件的顺序自动增加(未指定file_name或者指定的file_name不包括扩展名)或者清空文件(指定的file_name包括扩展名):
命令mysqladmin refresh
命令mysqladmin flush-logs
SQL语句FLUSH LOGS
服务器重新启动
恢复日志内容
对于所有的更新日志文件,你都可以把它指定为mysql客户机的输入,来执行其中的SQL语句,恢复数据。例如:
shell>mysql
但是,你可能因为执行DROP DATABASE误删除了,希望只恢复该数据库的内容,为了这个目的,你可以使用--one-database选项:
shell>mysql --one-database db_name
如果你要批量恢复更新日志的数据,在Unix中可以这样:
$ ls

InnoDBBufferPool reduces disk I/O by caching data and indexing pages, improving database performance. Its working principle includes: 1. Data reading: Read data from BufferPool; 2. Data writing: After modifying the data, write to BufferPool and refresh it to disk regularly; 3. Cache management: Use the LRU algorithm to manage cache pages; 4. Reading mechanism: Load adjacent data pages in advance. By sizing the BufferPool and using multiple instances, database performance can be optimized.

Compared with other programming languages, MySQL is mainly used to store and manage data, while other languages such as Python, Java, and C are used for logical processing and application development. MySQL is known for its high performance, scalability and cross-platform support, suitable for data management needs, while other languages have advantages in their respective fields such as data analytics, enterprise applications, and system programming.

MySQL is worth learning because it is a powerful open source database management system suitable for data storage, management and analysis. 1) MySQL is a relational database that uses SQL to operate data and is suitable for structured data management. 2) The SQL language is the key to interacting with MySQL and supports CRUD operations. 3) The working principle of MySQL includes client/server architecture, storage engine and query optimizer. 4) Basic usage includes creating databases and tables, and advanced usage involves joining tables using JOIN. 5) Common errors include syntax errors and permission issues, and debugging skills include checking syntax and using EXPLAIN commands. 6) Performance optimization involves the use of indexes, optimization of SQL statements and regular maintenance of databases.

MySQL is suitable for beginners to learn database skills. 1. Install MySQL server and client tools. 2. Understand basic SQL queries, such as SELECT. 3. Master data operations: create tables, insert, update, and delete data. 4. Learn advanced skills: subquery and window functions. 5. Debugging and optimization: Check syntax, use indexes, avoid SELECT*, and use LIMIT.

MySQL efficiently manages structured data through table structure and SQL query, and implements inter-table relationships through foreign keys. 1. Define the data format and type when creating a table. 2. Use foreign keys to establish relationships between tables. 3. Improve performance through indexing and query optimization. 4. Regularly backup and monitor databases to ensure data security and performance optimization.

MySQL is an open source relational database management system that is widely used in Web development. Its key features include: 1. Supports multiple storage engines, such as InnoDB and MyISAM, suitable for different scenarios; 2. Provides master-slave replication functions to facilitate load balancing and data backup; 3. Improve query efficiency through query optimization and index use.

SQL is used to interact with MySQL database to realize data addition, deletion, modification, inspection and database design. 1) SQL performs data operations through SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE statements; 2) Use CREATE, ALTER, DROP statements for database design and management; 3) Complex queries and data analysis are implemented through SQL to improve business decision-making efficiency.

The basic operations of MySQL include creating databases, tables, and using SQL to perform CRUD operations on data. 1. Create a database: CREATEDATABASEmy_first_db; 2. Create a table: CREATETABLEbooks(idINTAUTO_INCREMENTPRIMARYKEY, titleVARCHAR(100)NOTNULL, authorVARCHAR(100)NOTNULL, published_yearINT); 3. Insert data: INSERTINTObooks(title, author, published_year)VA


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