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需求概述

一个简单的讨论区系统,需要有用户,用户组,组讨论区这三部分基本功能

简要分析

1) 须要存放用户数据的表;

2) 须要存放分组信息和用户与组关系的表;

3) 须要存放讨论信息的表

 

解决方案

原始方案一:

分别用4个表来存放用户,用户组,用户与组关系,以及各组的讨论帖子的信息。

user用户表

 

Field

Type

Null

Key

Default

Extra

id

int(11)

NO

 

 

 

nick_name

varchar(32)

NO

 

NULL

 

password

char(64)

YES

 

NULL

 

email

varchar(32)

NO

 

NULL

 

status

varchar(16)

NO

 

NULL

 

sexuality

char(1)

NO

 

NULL

 

msn

varchar(32)

YES

 

NULL

 

sign

varchar(64)

YES

 

NULL

 

brithday

date

YES

 

NULL

 

hobby

varchar(64)

YES

 

NULL

 

location

varchar(64)

YES

 

NULL

 

description

varchar(1024)

YES

 

NULL

 

 

groups分组表

 

Field

Type

Null

Key

Default

Extra

id

int(11)

NO

 

 

 

gmt_create

datetime

NO

 

NULL

 

gmt_modified

datetime

NO

 

NULL

 

name

varchar(32)

NO

 

NULL

 

status

varchar(16)

NO

 

NULL

 

description

varchar(1024)

YES

 

NULL

 

 

user_group关系表

 

Field

Type

Null

Key

Default

Extra

user_id

int(11)

NO

MUL

NULL

 

group_id

int(11)

NO

MUL

NULL

 

user_type

int(11)

NO

 

NULL

 

gmt_create

datetime

NO

 

NULL

 

gmt_modified

datetime

NO

 

NULL

 

status

varchar(16)

NO

 

NULL

 

 

group_message讨论组帖子表

 

Field

Type

Null

Key

Default

Extra

id

int(11)

NO

 

NULL

 

gmt_create

datetime

NO

 

NULL

 

gmt_modified

datetime

NO

 

NULL

 

group_id

int(11)

NO

 

NULL

 

user_id

int(11)

NO

 

NULL

 

subject

varchar(128)

NO

 

NULL

 

content

text

YES

 

NULL

 

 

优化后方案二如下

user用户表分成user用户表与user_profile表

group_message讨论组表分成group_message讨论组与group_message_content

user用户表

 

Field

Type

Null

Key

Default

Extra

id

int(11)

NO

 

 

 

nick_name

varchar(32)

NO

 

NULL

 

password

char(64)

YES

 

NULL

 

email

varchar(32)

NO

 

NULL

 

status

varchar(16)

NO

 

NULL

 

 

user_profile用户属性表

 

Field

Type

Null

Key

Default

Extra

id

int(11)

NO

 

 

 

sexuality

char(1)

NO

 

NULL

 

msn

varchar(32)

YES

 

NULL

 

sign

varchar(64)

YES

 

NULL

 

brithday

date

YES

 

NULL

 

hobby

varchar(64)

YES

 

NULL

 

location

varchar(64)

YES

 

NULL

 

description

varchar(1024)

YES

 

NULL

 

 

group_message讨论组帖子表

 

Field

Type

Null

Key

Default

Extra

id

int(11)

NO

 

NULL

 

gmt_create

datetime

NO

 

NULL

 

gmt_modified

datetime

NO

 

NULL

 

group_id

int(11)

NO

 

NULL

 

user_id

int(11)

NO

 

NULL

 

subject

varchar(128)

NO

 

NULL

 

author

varchar(32)

NO

 

NULL

 

 

group_message_content帖子内容表

 

Field

Type

Null

Key

Default

Extra

group_msg_id

int(11)

NO

 

 

 

content

text

NO

 

NULL

 

分析考虑:

1. 从实际出发,一个讨论区系统,访问最多的页面应该是帖子标题列表页面。而帖子标题列表页面最主要的信息都来自于group_message表中,同时帖子标题后面的作者一般都是通过用户名(昵称)来展示。因此:

1) 按照第一种解决方案:

SELECT t.id, t.subject, user.id, u.nick_name

FROM

(

SELECT id, user_id, subject

FROM group_message

WHERE group_id = ?

ORDER BY gmt_modified DESC LIMIT 20

) t, user u

WHERE t.user_id = u.id

2) 按照第二种解决方案:

SELECT t.id, t.subject, t.user_id, t.author

FROM group_message t

HWERE group_id = ?

ORDER BY gmt_modified DESC LIMIT 20

   两个查询一比较,打搅就能很明显地看出谁优谁劣了。

2. 由于第一方案中的group_message 表中还包含一个大字段’content’,该字段存放的信息要占整个表的绝大部分存储空间,但在1中表现的最频繁的Query完全不需要该字段所存放的信息,所以,造成了Query读取大量没有任何意义的数据。因此,需要把content字段单独分出来存放在group_message_content帖子内容表中。

作者”邪恶的小Y的博客“ 

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