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HomeDatabaseMysql TutorialMySql存储过程―3、变量_MySQL

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MySql存储过程—3、变量 相关链接:MySql存储过程—1、SQL存储过程的基础知识http:///database/201208/148790.html; MySql存储过程—2、第一个MySql存储过程的建立http:///database/201208/148791.html 1、变量的定义在Mysql里面可以像我们写代码中一样定义变量来保持中间结果,看下面的格式:   [sql] DECLARE variable_name datatype(size) DEFAULT default_value;   DECLARE相当于关键字,有点类似var,表示定义一个变量;然后variable_name是你指定的变量名称;datatype表示数据类型而括号内的size表示对应类型的格式比如varchar(50)这样子,这里需要注意的是datatype只能是MySql支持的那些基本数据类型;DEFAULT关键字指明了变量的默认值为default_value。 定义多个相同类型的变量可以这样子:[sql] DECLARE x, y INT DEFAULT 0   表示定义了两个变量x、y,整形,默认值为02、变量的赋值 同程序里面一样,定义了变量,我们也需要在程序中对他赋值,下面是示例代码:   DECLARE total_count INT DEFAULT 0 SET total_count = 10;可以看到进行赋值时候需要在前面加上:SET 这个关键字。当然由于存储过程的特殊性(用于数据库的数据操作),所以除了SET这种赋值方法,还可以通过SELECT INTO语句将返回的值赋给变量: DECLARE total_products INT DEFAULT 0 SELECT COUNT(*) INTO total_products FROM products 看到这里把products的记录数赋给了total_products这个变量。所以如果上面我们表格内是3个记录的话,这里total_products就是等于3了3、变量的Scope(作用范围) 变量的作用范围同编程里面类似,在这里一般是在对应的begin和end之间。在end之后这个变量就没有作用了,不能使用了。这个同编程一样。另外有种变量叫做会话变量(session variable),也叫做用户定义的变量(user defined variable)。这种变量要在变量名称前面加上“@”符号,叫做会话变量,代表整个会话过程他都是有作用的,这个有点类似于全局变量一样。这种变量用途比较广,因为只要在一个会话内(就是某个应用的一个连接过程中),这个变量可以在被调用的存储过程或者代码之间共享数据。下面看个简单的例子,以理解这种变量和本地变量的区别: 首先修改下之前的存储过程如下:     MySql存储过程―3、变量_MySQL 这里定义了一个是local的变量,一个是session的变量,对于session的变量,不需要定义,mysql根据你赋给该变量的值来确定类型(更详细的需要另一篇文章来解释:>)。 然后我们在Query browser上面先执行这样一条语句来对@t2进行赋初值: MySql存储过程―3、变量_MySQL 赋予往初值后我们调用我们的存储进程。每次执行这个存储进程我们发现t1的值是不变的,而@t2每次会增加1,因为我们这是在一个会话里面所以@t2就一直作用着,每次自己增加1.
MySql存储过程―3、变量_MySQL
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