Implement data input and processing in C language through scanf function

Title: Use the scanf function to realize data input and processing in C language

In C language, the scanf function can be used to easily realize data input and processing. The scanf function is a function in the C language standard library. Its function is to read data from the standard input (usually the keyboard) and store the read data into the specified variable in the specified format. The following will use specific code examples to illustrate how to use the scanf function for data input and processing.

First, we need to introduce the basic usage of the scanf function. The function prototype is as follows:

int scanf(const char *format, ...);

Among them, format is a string format control parameter used to specify the type of data to be read and the reading format. The specific correspondence between format control parameters and data types is shown in the following table:

Format control parameter data type
%c Character
%d Decimal integer
%e/%E Scientific notation Floating point number represented by method
%f/%F Floating point number
%g/%G Automatically selects %e or %f according to the data length
%o Octal integer
%s String
% u Unsigned decimal integer
%x/%X Hexadecimal integer

The following is an actual code example to demonstrate how to use the scanf function for data input and processing:

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
    int num1, num2;
    float f;
    char str[50];

    printf("请输入两个整数和一个浮点数：
");
    scanf("%d %d %f", &num1, &num2, &f);  // 读取两个整数和一个浮点数
    printf("您输入的整数为：%d和%d
", num1, num2);
    printf("您输入的浮点数为：%f
", f);

    printf("请输入一个字符串：
");
    scanf("%s", str);  // 读取字符串
    printf("您输入的字符串为：%s
", str);

    return 0;
}

In In the above code, four variables are first declared: num1 and num2 are integer types, f is a floating point number type, and str is a character array type. Then the prompt information is output through the printf function, allowing the user to enter two integers and a floating point number. Then use the scanf function to read the value entered by the user and store it in the corresponding variable. The format control parameter "%d %d %f" of the scanf function indicates that two integers and one floating point number are to be read. %d corresponds to the integer and %f corresponds to the floating point number. The space in the middle is used to separate the data entered by the user. Finally, the read value is printed out again through the printf function.

Next, the prompt information is output through the printf function, and the scanf function is used again to read the string input by the user and store it in the character array str. The format control parameter "%s" of the scanf function indicates that a string is to be read, and %s corresponds to the string type. Finally, the read string is printed out again through the printf function.

Through the above code examples, we can see that using the scanf function can easily implement data input and processing in C language. By controlling parameters in the correct format, we can read various types of data from user input as required and then process it accordingly.

To sum up, the scanf function is a powerful and commonly used tool in C language, which can easily realize data input and processing. Use the scanf function to read data from the standard input according to the specified format and store it in the corresponding variable to process the data. Mastering the usage of the scanf function can provide our C language programs with more flexibility and interactivity. At the same time, we also need to pay attention to the matching relationship between the input format and data type to ensure the correct operation of the program.

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