In-depth analysis of the usage of NTSD command

NTSD (NT Symbolic Debugger) is a command line debugging tool that comes with the Windows operating system. It can be used to debug 32-bit and 64-bit Windows applications and drivers. This article will introduce in detail how to use the NTSD command.

1. Install and start the NTSD command
The NTSD command comes with the Windows operating system and does not need to be installed separately. To start the NTSD command, you can press the Windows key R key combination to open the Run dialog box, then enter "cmd" and press the Enter key to open the Command Prompt window. Enter "ntsd" in the command prompt window to start the NTSD command.

2. Parameters of the NTSD command
The NTSD command has many parameters. The following are some commonly used parameters:

1. -g: Start the debugger in tracing mode.
2. -o: Open a new debugger session.
3. -pn : Specify the name of the process to be debugged.
4. -p : Specify the ID of the process to be debugged.
5. -c : Specify the debugging command to be executed.
6. -z : Execute the specified debug script.

3. Use NTSD commands to debug applications

1. Debug a running application
   To debug a running application, you can use the following command:
   ntsd -p
   Where, is the ID of the process to be debugged.
2. Debug an application that is not running
   To debug an application that is not running, you can use the following command:
   ntsd -o -g -c "sxe ld:xxx.dll" -c "g "
   Among them, the "sxe ld:xxx.dll" command specifies to trigger a breakpoint when loading the specified DLL, and the "g" command indicates to continue executing the program.
3. Set breakpoint
   To set a breakpoint, you can use the following command:
   bp
   
   where,

   is the address where the breakpoint is to be set.
4. Execute breakpoint command
   When the program executes to the breakpoint, you can use the following command to execute the breakpoint command:
   dd
   L
   Where,

   is the memory address to be read, and is the number of bytes to be read.

4. Use NTSD command to debug the driver
To debug the driver, you can use the following command:
ntsd -o -d .sys
Among them, .sys is the name of the driver file to be debugged.

5. Advanced usage of NTSD command
NTSD command also supports some advanced usage, such as script debugging and remote debugging. The specified debugging script can be executed by using the -z parameter, and a series of debugging commands can be written in the script. When debugging remotely, you can use the -remote parameter to specify the remote host name to be debugged.

6. Summary
This article introduces the usage of NTSD command, including installing and starting NTSD command, description of common parameters, methods of debugging applications and drivers, setting breakpoints and executing breakpoint commands. methods, and advanced usage. For developers and system administrators, mastering the use of NTSD commands is very helpful in solving and debugging problems. Hope this article can be helpful to readers.

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