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HomeDatabaseMysql Tutorial解析Mysql备份与恢复简单总结与tee命令的使用介绍_MySQL

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备份数据方法:
一:sql语句。
LOCKS TABLES tablename READ;//读锁定
尝试锁定表之前,LOCK TABLES不是事务安全型的,会隐含地提交所有活性事务,同时,会隐含地开始一项事务(例如,使用START TRANSACTION),
所以,对事务表(如InnoDB)使用LOCK TABLES的正确方法是,设置AUTOCOMMIT=0
FLUSH TABLES,
SELECT * INTO OUTFILE 'data_bck.sql' FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',' FROM tablename;
UNLOCK TABLES;

二:mysqldump工具。
完全备份数据库中的一个表:
mysqldump -h192.168.4.20 -uusername -puserpswd dbname tablename>data_bck.sql

完全备份某个数据库:
mysqldump -h192.168.4.20 -uusername -puserpswd dbname tablename>data_bck.sql
完全备份所有数据库:
mysqldump -h192.168.4.20 -uusername -puserpswd --single-transaction --all-databases>data_bck.sql
完全备份所有数据库后停用以前所有增量日志并生成新日志:
mysqldump -h192.168.4.20 -uusername -puserpswd --single-transaction --flush-logs --master-data=2 --all-databases>data_bck.sql
完全备份所有数据库后删除以前所有增量日志并生成新日志:
mysqldump -h192.168.4.20 -uusername -puserpswd --single-transaction --flush-logs --master-data=2 --all-databases --delete-master-logs>data_bck.sql
增量备份:
先执行完全备份,然后执行更新日志:
mysqladmin -h192.168.4.20 -uusername -puserpswd flush-logs

三:直接复制data目录。
停止mysql服务或者锁定数据库表,复制data目录到备份位置,启动mysql服务或者解锁数据库表。

恢复数据方法:
一:sql语句。
LOAD DATA INFILE 'data_bck.sql' INTO TABLE tablename FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',';

二:mysql工具。
完全恢复:
mysql -h192.168.4.20 -uusername -puserpswd dbname恢复增量日志:
mysqlbinlog log-bin.000001 log-bin.000008 | mysql

另外,有一个很有趣又很实用的小技巧:tee.
它将你操作和输出的全部可视信息都保存进了一个文件里面,可以用来生成表格式的文件、报表制作、简单的备份。
用法是这样的:
在mysql命令行下,执行下面的命令:
>tee E:/heihei.sql
这样就创建了记录文件,接下来,我们的所有操作和所有输出结果都将被原样记录下来,就像照片一样。
>select * from tablename;
那么这条命令和查询结果都将被记录到这个文件里面,很好玩的。不过,它很仔细的,就连你的错误命令都会记录下来的。可别被笑话啊。:)

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