I'm currently learning Go and would appreciate people's insights on how best to reduce the amount of duplicate code.
The folder structure of the relevant parts is as follows:
. ├── http │ ├── handlers │ └── routes ├── models │ └── dto ├── specifications └── store └── postgres
In my specations
folder I have 2 "storage" interfaces:
type TaskStore interface { CreateTask(ctx context.Context, input dto.TaskCreate) error UpdateTask(ctx context.Context, id int, input dto.TaskUpdate) error GetTask(ctx context.Context, id int) (dto.TaskResult, error) ListTasks(ctx context.Context) ([]dto.TaskResult, error) DeleteTask(ctx context.Context, id int) error } type TagStore interface { CreateTag(ctx context.Context, input dto.TagCreate) error RenameTag(ctx context.Context, id int, input dto.TagUpdate) error ListTags(ctx context.Context) ([]dto.TagResult, error) GetTag(ctx context.Context, id int) (dto.TagResult, error) DeleteTag(ctx context.Context, id int) error }The
store/postgres
folder contains the implementation of tasks and tags (repository mode).
Questions I saw:
In my handlers
folder I have a struct that accepts input from one of the storage interfaces:
type TaskHandler struct { store specifications.TaskStore } func NewTaskHandler(store specifications.TaskStore) TaskHandler { return TaskHandler{ store: store, } }
type TagHandler struct { store specifications.TagStore } func NewTagHandler(store specifications.TagStore) TagHandler { return TagHandler{ store: store, } }
These handlers contain methods that will be mapped to api paths:
func (h TaskHandler) List() http.HandlerFunc { return func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) { tasks, err := h.store.ListTasks(r.Context()) if err != nil { log.Err(err).Msg("failed to retrieve tasks") w.WriteHeader(http.StatusInternalServerError) return } render.JSON(w, r, tasks) } }
func (h TagHandler) List() http.HandlerFunc { return func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) { tags, err := h.store.ListTags(r.Context()) if err != nil { log.Err(err).Msg("failed to retrieve tags") w.WriteHeader(http.StatusInternalServerError) return } render.JSON(w, r, tags) } }
You'll notice that the List
methods on each handler are basically the same, except for the interface used by each store.
How can I change this setting to reduce duplicate code?
I initially thought I could use generics to solve this problem, for example:
type EntityStore[CreateDto any, UpdateDto any, ResultDto any] interface { Create(ctx context.Context, input CreateDto) error Update(ctx context.Context, id int, input UpdateDto) error List(ctx context.Context) ([]ResultDto, error) Get(ctx context.Context, id int) (ResultDto, error) Delete(ctx context.Context, id int) error }
But this means mapping each type into a handler, which I don't think is a practical solution.
Any suggestions on how to better map my DTOs and interfaces?
Correct answer
You can have a helper function
func ListHandler[T any](name string, lister func(ctx context.Context) ([]T, error)) func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) { return func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) { list, err := lister(r.Context()) if err != nil { log.Err(err).Msg("failed to retrieve " + name) w.WriteHeader(http.StatusInternalServerError) return } render.JSON(w, r, list) } }
Then you will have
func (h TaskHandler) List() http.HandlerFunc { return ListHandler("tasks", h.store.ListTasks) } func (h TagHandler) List() http.HandlerFunc { return ListHandler("tags", h.store.ListTags) }
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