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mysql> show global status;
可以列出MySQL服务器运行各种状态值,另外,查询MySQL服务器配置信息语句:
mysql> show variables;
一、慢查询
mysql> show variables like ‘%slow%';
+――――――+――-+
| Variable_name | Value |
+――――――+――-+
| log_slow_queries | ON |
| slow_launch_time | 2 |
+――――――+――-+
mysql> show global status like ‘%slow%';
+―――――――+――-+
| Variable_name | Value |
+―――――――+――-+
| Slow_launch_threads | 0 |
| Slow_queries | 4148 |
+―――――――+――-+
配置中打开了记录慢查询,执行时间超过2秒的即为慢查询,系统显示有4148个慢查询,你可以分析慢查询日志,找出有问题的SQL语句,慢查询时间不宜设置过长,否则意义不大,最好在5秒以内,如果你需要微秒级别的慢查询,可以考虑给MySQL打补丁:http://www.percona.com/docs/wiki/release:start,记得找对应的版本。
打开慢查询日志可能会对系统性能有一点点影响,如果你的MySQL是主-从结构,可以考虑打开其中一台从服务器的慢查询日志,这样既可以监控慢查询,对系统性能影响又小。
二、连接数
经常会遇见”MySQL: ERROR 1040: Too many connections”的情况,一种是访问量确实很高,MySQL服务器抗不住,这个时候就要考虑增加从服务器分散读压力,另外一种情况是MySQL配置文件中max_connections值过小:
mysql> show variables like ‘max_connections';
+―――――

MySQLstringtypesimpactstorageandperformanceasfollows:1)CHARisfixed-length,alwaysusingthesamestoragespace,whichcanbefasterbutlessspace-efficient.2)VARCHARisvariable-length,morespace-efficientbutpotentiallyslower.3)TEXTisforlargetext,storedoutsiderows,

MySQLstringtypesincludeVARCHAR,TEXT,CHAR,ENUM,andSET.1)VARCHARisversatileforvariable-lengthstringsuptoaspecifiedlimit.2)TEXTisidealforlargetextstoragewithoutadefinedlength.3)CHARisfixed-length,suitableforconsistentdatalikecodes.4)ENUMenforcesdatainte

MySQLoffersvariousstringdatatypes:1)CHARforfixed-lengthstrings,2)VARCHARforvariable-lengthtext,3)BINARYandVARBINARYforbinarydata,4)BLOBandTEXTforlargedata,and5)ENUMandSETforcontrolledinput.Eachtypehasspecificusesandperformancecharacteristics,sochoose

TograntpermissionstonewMySQLusers,followthesesteps:1)AccessMySQLasauserwithsufficientprivileges,2)CreateanewuserwiththeCREATEUSERcommand,3)UsetheGRANTcommandtospecifypermissionslikeSELECT,INSERT,UPDATE,orALLPRIVILEGESonspecificdatabasesortables,and4)

ToaddusersinMySQLeffectivelyandsecurely,followthesesteps:1)UsetheCREATEUSERstatementtoaddanewuser,specifyingthehostandastrongpassword.2)GrantnecessaryprivilegesusingtheGRANTstatement,adheringtotheprincipleofleastprivilege.3)Implementsecuritymeasuresl

ToaddanewuserwithcomplexpermissionsinMySQL,followthesesteps:1)CreatetheuserwithCREATEUSER'newuser'@'localhost'IDENTIFIEDBY'password';.2)Grantreadaccesstoalltablesin'mydatabase'withGRANTSELECTONmydatabase.TO'newuser'@'localhost';.3)Grantwriteaccessto'

The string data types in MySQL include CHAR, VARCHAR, BINARY, VARBINARY, BLOB, and TEXT. The collations determine the comparison and sorting of strings. 1.CHAR is suitable for fixed-length strings, VARCHAR is suitable for variable-length strings. 2.BINARY and VARBINARY are used for binary data, and BLOB and TEXT are used for large object data. 3. Sorting rules such as utf8mb4_unicode_ci ignores upper and lower case and is suitable for user names; utf8mb4_bin is case sensitive and is suitable for fields that require precise comparison.

The best MySQLVARCHAR column length selection should be based on data analysis, consider future growth, evaluate performance impacts, and character set requirements. 1) Analyze the data to determine typical lengths; 2) Reserve future expansion space; 3) Pay attention to the impact of large lengths on performance; 4) Consider the impact of character sets on storage. Through these steps, the efficiency and scalability of the database can be optimized.


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