bitsCN.com
SQL语言的设计与编写(上)
一、SQL语句分类
数据定义语言(DDL):
用于定义和管理数据对象,包括数据库、数据表、视图、索引等。例如:CREATE、DROP、ALTER等语句。
数据操作语言(DML):【和表中的数据记录有关的语言】
用于操作数据库对象中所包含的数据。例如:INSERT、UPDATE、DELETE语句。
数据查询语言(DQL):
用于查询数据库对象中所包含的数据,能够进行单表查询、连接查询、嵌套查询,以及集合查询等各种复杂程度不同的数据库查询,并将数据返回到客户机中显示。例如:SELECT语句(占60%)。
数据控制语言(DCL):
是用来管理数据库的语言,包含管理权限及数据更改。例如:GRANT、REVOKE、COMMIT、ROLLBACK等语句。
二、SQL语句应用案例
1、DDL【可以按照以下格式写入一个文件,然后再粘贴到MySQL数据库中】
createtable if not exists cats (
idint not null auto_increment,
pidint not null default '0',
namevarchar(30) not null default '',
desntext not null default '',
primarykey(id),
indexname(name,pid)
);
createtable if not exists products(
idint not null auto_increment,
cidint not null default 0,
namevarchar(60) not null default '',
pricedouble (7,2) not null default 0.00,
numint not null default 0,
desntext,
ptimeint not null default 0,
primarykey(id),
keypname(name,price)
);
2、DML
a)insert,插入表数据
insertinto 表名([字段列表])values(值列表),(值列表2),(值列表3),...,(值列表n);
特点:
1.如果在表名后没有给出字段列表,则值列表必须填充所有字段的值,必须按表中默认的顺序插入
2.所有需要写字段名的地方都不加单引号或双引号,但是建议所有值都要以字符形式使用
3.建议在插入数据时,最好给出字段列表,则值只要和字段列表一一对应即可,可以不按表中字段的顺序
b)update表名 set字段='值'[,字段2='值2',...,字段n='值n'][条件]#条件指定需要更改的记录
e.g. updatecats set pid='3' where id='1';
updatecats set pid='99' where id >= '1' && id
c)deletefrom 表名 [条件]
deletefrom cats; #清空数据表
truncatecats; #也可以清空数据表,效率更高,truncate将...截断
d)where条件
无论更新、删除、查找,只要写对条件就能准确找到要管理的一条或多条数据
【都可以使用各种运算符号,可以把字段当作一个变量来使用】
3、DQL【select】
SELECT[ALL | DISTINCT]
{*|table.*|[table.]field1[asalias1][,[table.]field2[as alias2]][.....]}
FROM 表名
[WHERE...]
[GROUPBY...]
[HAVING...]
[ORDERBY ...]
[LIMITcount]
使用SELECT查询语言,目的是可以按用户的想法将数据查出来,将结果返回!
bitsCN.com
InnoDBBufferPool reduces disk I/O by caching data and indexing pages, improving database performance. Its working principle includes: 1. Data reading: Read data from BufferPool; 2. Data writing: After modifying the data, write to BufferPool and refresh it to disk regularly; 3. Cache management: Use the LRU algorithm to manage cache pages; 4. Reading mechanism: Load adjacent data pages in advance. By sizing the BufferPool and using multiple instances, database performance can be optimized.

Compared with other programming languages, MySQL is mainly used to store and manage data, while other languages such as Python, Java, and C are used for logical processing and application development. MySQL is known for its high performance, scalability and cross-platform support, suitable for data management needs, while other languages have advantages in their respective fields such as data analytics, enterprise applications, and system programming.

MySQL is worth learning because it is a powerful open source database management system suitable for data storage, management and analysis. 1) MySQL is a relational database that uses SQL to operate data and is suitable for structured data management. 2) The SQL language is the key to interacting with MySQL and supports CRUD operations. 3) The working principle of MySQL includes client/server architecture, storage engine and query optimizer. 4) Basic usage includes creating databases and tables, and advanced usage involves joining tables using JOIN. 5) Common errors include syntax errors and permission issues, and debugging skills include checking syntax and using EXPLAIN commands. 6) Performance optimization involves the use of indexes, optimization of SQL statements and regular maintenance of databases.

MySQL is suitable for beginners to learn database skills. 1. Install MySQL server and client tools. 2. Understand basic SQL queries, such as SELECT. 3. Master data operations: create tables, insert, update, and delete data. 4. Learn advanced skills: subquery and window functions. 5. Debugging and optimization: Check syntax, use indexes, avoid SELECT*, and use LIMIT.

MySQL efficiently manages structured data through table structure and SQL query, and implements inter-table relationships through foreign keys. 1. Define the data format and type when creating a table. 2. Use foreign keys to establish relationships between tables. 3. Improve performance through indexing and query optimization. 4. Regularly backup and monitor databases to ensure data security and performance optimization.

MySQL is an open source relational database management system that is widely used in Web development. Its key features include: 1. Supports multiple storage engines, such as InnoDB and MyISAM, suitable for different scenarios; 2. Provides master-slave replication functions to facilitate load balancing and data backup; 3. Improve query efficiency through query optimization and index use.

SQL is used to interact with MySQL database to realize data addition, deletion, modification, inspection and database design. 1) SQL performs data operations through SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE statements; 2) Use CREATE, ALTER, DROP statements for database design and management; 3) Complex queries and data analysis are implemented through SQL to improve business decision-making efficiency.

The basic operations of MySQL include creating databases, tables, and using SQL to perform CRUD operations on data. 1. Create a database: CREATEDATABASEmy_first_db; 2. Create a table: CREATETABLEbooks(idINTAUTO_INCREMENTPRIMARYKEY, titleVARCHAR(100)NOTNULL, authorVARCHAR(100)NOTNULL, published_yearINT); 3. Insert data: INSERTINTObooks(title, author, published_year)VA


Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress
AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover
Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool
Undress images for free

Clothoff.io
AI clothes remover

Video Face Swap
Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!

Hot Article

Hot Tools

mPDF
mPDF is a PHP library that can generate PDF files from UTF-8 encoded HTML. The original author, Ian Back, wrote mPDF to output PDF files "on the fly" from his website and handle different languages. It is slower than original scripts like HTML2FPDF and produces larger files when using Unicode fonts, but supports CSS styles etc. and has a lot of enhancements. Supports almost all languages, including RTL (Arabic and Hebrew) and CJK (Chinese, Japanese and Korean). Supports nested block-level elements (such as P, DIV),

SecLists
SecLists is the ultimate security tester's companion. It is a collection of various types of lists that are frequently used during security assessments, all in one place. SecLists helps make security testing more efficient and productive by conveniently providing all the lists a security tester might need. List types include usernames, passwords, URLs, fuzzing payloads, sensitive data patterns, web shells, and more. The tester can simply pull this repository onto a new test machine and he will have access to every type of list he needs.

VSCode Windows 64-bit Download
A free and powerful IDE editor launched by Microsoft

Dreamweaver CS6
Visual web development tools

MantisBT
Mantis is an easy-to-deploy web-based defect tracking tool designed to aid in product defect tracking. It requires PHP, MySQL and a web server. Check out our demo and hosting services.