Django development environment setup: teach you step by step the commands to install django

Django is a Python web framework that provides an efficient development environment to help developers quickly build web applications. In this article, we will teach you step by step how to install Django commands and provide specific code examples for reference.

1. Installing Python

First, before installing Django, we need to install Python. The latest Python version can be downloaded from the official Python website. After downloading, follow the prompts step by step to complete the installation.

2. Install pip

pip is a package management tool for Python that can help us easily install, upgrade and delete Python dependent packages. After Python installation is complete, we need to install pip. Enter the following command in the terminal (cmd under Windows):

curl https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py -o get-pip.py
python get-pip.py

3. Install Django

After installing pip, we can install Django through pip. Enter the following command in the terminal:

pip install Django

If you have already installed Django, you can upgrade Django through the following command:

pip install --upgrade Django

4. Create Django project

After installing Django, let's create a Django project. Enter the following command in the terminal:

django-admin startproject mysite

where mysite is your project name and can be changed according to your needs.

After executing this command, you will see the following directory structure:

mysite/
    manage.py
    mysite/
        __init__.py
        settings.py
        urls.py
        wsgi.py

Among them, manage.py is Django’s command line tool, mysite/ is your project name.

5. Run the Django project

After creating the project, we can run it. In the terminal, enter the mysite/ directory and execute the following command:

python manage.py runserver

After executing the command, you will see the following output:

Performing system checks...

System check identified no issues (0 silenced).

You have unapplied migrations; your app may not work properly until they are applied.
Run 'python manage.py migrate' to apply them.

November 05, 2020 - 17:06:26
Django version 3.1.3, using settings 'mysite.settings'
Starting development server at http://127.0.0.1:8000/
Quit the server with CONTROL-C.

At this point, your Django project is already running. Just enter http://127.0.0.1:8000/ in the browser to see Django's default welcome page.

6. Creating a Django application

In addition to projects, we can also create applications in Django. In the terminal, enter the mysite/ directory and execute the following command:

python manage.py startapp myapp

where myapp is the name of your application, which can be customized according to your needs Make changes.

After executing this command, you will see the following directory structure:

myapp/
    __init__.py
    admin.py
    apps.py
    models.py
    tests.py
    views.py
    migrations/
        __init__.py

Among them, views.py is the view file of your application.

7. Create a Django model

In Django, a model is a class associated with a database table. We can use models to define fields of database tables. In myapp/models.py, we define a simple model:

from django.db import models

class User(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=50)
    password = models.CharField(max_length=50)
    email = models.EmailField(unique=True)

In the above model, we define the User class, which inherits from models.Model, and defines three attributes: name, password and email.

8. Synchronize the database

We have defined the model, and now we need to synchronize the model to the database. In the terminal, enter the mysite/ directory and execute the following command:

python manage.py makemigrations
python manage.py migrate

After executing the above command, Django will automatically create a database table based on the model we defined.

9. Writing View Functions

In Django, a view function is a function associated with a URL path. We need to write view functions in our application. In myapp/views.py, let’s write a simple view function:

from django.http import HttpResponse

def index(request):
    return HttpResponse("Hello, Django!")

In the above view function, we define the index function, which receives A request parameter and returns a string.

10. Configure URL routing

We have defined the view function, now we need to correspond it to the URL path. In myapp/urls.py, we define a simple route:

from django.urls import path

from . import views

urlpatterns = [
    path('', views.index, name='index'),
]

In the above route, we define an empty path, which will be the same as indexCorresponding to the view function.

11. Configure project URL routing

We have defined the URL routing in the application, and now we need to correspond it to the project URL routing. In mysite/urls.py, we define a simple route:

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import include, path

urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    path('myapp/', include('myapp.urls')),
]

In the above route, we define the /myapp/ path, which will Will correspond to the route in the myapp application.

12. Run the Django project

We have completed all the necessary configurations and can now run the Django project again. In the terminal, enter the mysite/ directory and execute the following command:

python manage.py runserver

Open the browser and visit http://127.0.0.1:8000/myapp/, you will see the welcome page of this application.

So far, we have completed setting up the Django development environment and how to create Django projects, applications, models, view functions and URL routing. I hope this article can help beginners get started with Django development as soon as possible.

The above is the detailed content of Django development environment setup: teach you step by step the commands to install django. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!