MyISAM:默认的MySQL插件式存储引擎,它是在Web、数据仓储和其他应用环境下最常使用的存储引擎之一。注意,通过更改 STORAGE_ENGINE 配置变量,能够方便地更改MySQL服务器的默认存储引擎。
InnoDB:用于事务处理应用程序,具有众多特性,包括ACID事务支持。
BDB:可替代InnoDB的事务引擎,支持COMMIT、ROLLBACK和其他事务特性。
Memory:将所有数据保存在RAM中,在需要快速查找引用和其他类似数据的环境下,可提供极快的访问。
Merge:允许MySQL DBA或开发人员将一系列等同的MyISAM表以逻辑方式组合在一起,并作为1个对象引用它们。对于诸如数据仓储等VLDB环境十分适合。
Federated:能够将多个分离的MySQL服务器链接起来,从多个物理服务器创建一个逻辑数据库。十分适合于分布式环境或数据集市环境。
Archive:为大量很少引用的历史、归档、或安全审计信息的存储和检索提供了完美的解决方案。
Cluster/NDB:MySQL的簇式数据库引擎,尤其适合于具有高性能查找要求的应用程序,这类查找需求还要求具有最高的正常工作时间和可用性。
Other:其他存储引擎包括CSV(引用由逗号隔开的用作数据库表的文件),Blackhole(用于临时禁止对数据库的应用程序输入),以及Example引擎(可为快速创建定制的插件式存储引擎提供帮助)。
MySQL: MyISAM 和 InnoDB的区别
InnoDB 和 MyISAM 是在使用MySQL最常用的两个表类型,各有优缺点,视具体应用而定。基本的差别为:MyISAM类型不支持事务处理等高级处理,而InnoDB类型支持。MyISAM类型的表强调的是性能,其执行数度比InnoDB类型更快,但是不提供事务支持,而InnoDB提供事务支持已经外部键等高级数据库功能。
MyIASM 是 IASM表的新版本,有如下扩展:
二进制层次的可移植性。
NULL列索引。
对变长行比ISAM表有更少的碎片。
支持大文件。
更好的索引压缩。
更好的键吗统计分布。
更好和更快的auto_increment处理。
以下是一些细节和具体实现的差别:
1. InnoDB不支持 FULLTEXT 类型的索引 ( 目前只有MyISAM表支持,且只能用在 CHAR , VARCHAR , TEXT 类型的字段上 )
2. InnoDB中不保存表的具体行数,也就是说,执行 select count(*) from table 时,InnoDB要扫描一遍整个表来计算有多少行,但是MyISAM只要简单的读出保存好的行数即可。注意的是,当count(*)语句包含 where条件时,两种表的操作是一样的。
3. 对于AUTO_INCREMENT类型的字段,InnoDB中必须包含只有该字段的索引,但是在MyISAM表中,可以和其他字段一起建立联合索引。
4. DELETE FROM table时,InnoDB不会重新建立表,而是一行一行的删除。
5. LOAD TABLE FROM MASTER操作对InnoDB是不起作用的,解决方法是首先把InnoDB表改成MyISAM表,导入数据后再改成InnoDB表,但是对于使用的额外的InnoDB特性(例如外键)的表不适用。
另外,InnoDB表的行锁也不是绝对的,如果在执行一个SQL语句时MySQL不能确定要扫描的范围,InnoDB表同样会锁全表,例如 update table set num=1 where name like '%wfc%'
任何一种表都不是万能的,只用恰当的针对业务类型来选择合适的表类型,才能最大的发挥MySQL的性能优势.

MySQL's position in databases and programming is very important. It is an open source relational database management system that is widely used in various application scenarios. 1) MySQL provides efficient data storage, organization and retrieval functions, supporting Web, mobile and enterprise-level systems. 2) It uses a client-server architecture, supports multiple storage engines and index optimization. 3) Basic usages include creating tables and inserting data, and advanced usages involve multi-table JOINs and complex queries. 4) Frequently asked questions such as SQL syntax errors and performance issues can be debugged through the EXPLAIN command and slow query log. 5) Performance optimization methods include rational use of indexes, optimized query and use of caches. Best practices include using transactions and PreparedStatemen

MySQL is suitable for small and large enterprises. 1) Small businesses can use MySQL for basic data management, such as storing customer information. 2) Large enterprises can use MySQL to process massive data and complex business logic to optimize query performance and transaction processing.

InnoDB effectively prevents phantom reading through Next-KeyLocking mechanism. 1) Next-KeyLocking combines row lock and gap lock to lock records and their gaps to prevent new records from being inserted. 2) In practical applications, by optimizing query and adjusting isolation levels, lock competition can be reduced and concurrency performance can be improved.

MySQL is not a programming language, but its query language SQL has the characteristics of a programming language: 1. SQL supports conditional judgment, loops and variable operations; 2. Through stored procedures, triggers and functions, users can perform complex logical operations in the database.

MySQL is an open source relational database management system, mainly used to store and retrieve data quickly and reliably. Its working principle includes client requests, query resolution, execution of queries and return results. Examples of usage include creating tables, inserting and querying data, and advanced features such as JOIN operations. Common errors involve SQL syntax, data types, and permissions, and optimization suggestions include the use of indexes, optimized queries, and partitioning of tables.

MySQL is an open source relational database management system suitable for data storage, management, query and security. 1. It supports a variety of operating systems and is widely used in Web applications and other fields. 2. Through the client-server architecture and different storage engines, MySQL processes data efficiently. 3. Basic usage includes creating databases and tables, inserting, querying and updating data. 4. Advanced usage involves complex queries and stored procedures. 5. Common errors can be debugged through the EXPLAIN statement. 6. Performance optimization includes the rational use of indexes and optimized query statements.

MySQL is chosen for its performance, reliability, ease of use, and community support. 1.MySQL provides efficient data storage and retrieval functions, supporting multiple data types and advanced query operations. 2. Adopt client-server architecture and multiple storage engines to support transaction and query optimization. 3. Easy to use, supports a variety of operating systems and programming languages. 4. Have strong community support and provide rich resources and solutions.

InnoDB's lock mechanisms include shared locks, exclusive locks, intention locks, record locks, gap locks and next key locks. 1. Shared lock allows transactions to read data without preventing other transactions from reading. 2. Exclusive lock prevents other transactions from reading and modifying data. 3. Intention lock optimizes lock efficiency. 4. Record lock lock index record. 5. Gap lock locks index recording gap. 6. The next key lock is a combination of record lock and gap lock to ensure data consistency.


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