Solve the reasons and solutions for matplotlib Chinese display garbled characters

The reasons and solutions for Chinese garbled characters in matplotlib require specific code examples

Introduction:
Many users encounter this problem when using Python’s data visualization library matplotlib I have encountered the problem of garbled Chinese characters. When we want to display Chinese characters in charts, we often find that the Chinese characters are displayed as a string of garbled characters and cannot be displayed correctly. This article will discuss the causes of garbled Chinese characters and provide some solutions so that our charts can display Chinese characters correctly.

1. The reason for Chinese garbled characters:
The main reason for Chinese garbled characters is that the default font setting of matplotlib does not support Chinese characters. This is because the default font used by matplotlib is a font that does not contain Chinese characters, so when we try to display Chinese characters, garbled characters will be generated.

2. Solution:
The key to solving the problem of Chinese garbled characters is to modify the font settings of matplotlib so that it supports Chinese characters. Two commonly used solutions are described below.

1. Use existing Chinese fonts in the system:
   matplotlib provides a configuration file matplotlibrc. We can use this configuration file to specify the font used. In matplotlibrc, there is a font.family parameter, which we can set to an existing Chinese font in the system.

First of all, we need to check the existing Chinese fonts in the system. In Linux systems, we can view installed fonts through the command fc-list, and in Windows systems, we can view them through the font settings in the control panel.

After finding the Chinese font we want to use, fill in its file path into matplotlibrc, set font.family as the file name, and then copy the matplotlibrc file to the matplotlib configuration file directory.

The following is a specific sample code:

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.font_manager import FontProperties

font = FontProperties(fname='/usr/share/fonts/truetype/simhei.ttf', size=14)  # 设置中文字体

plt.plot([1, 2, 3, 4], [1, 4, 9, 16])
plt.xlabel('横轴', fontproperties=font)  # 使用中文字体显示横轴标签
plt.ylabel('纵轴', fontproperties=font)  # 使用中文字体显示纵轴标签

plt.show()

2. Download and use fonts that support Chinese characters:
   In addition to using the existing Chinese fonts in the system, we can also download And use some fonts that support Chinese characters.

In the matplotlib.font_manager module, there is a FontProperties class that we can use to load font files and specify the font to use when drawing.

The following is a specific sample code:

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.font_manager import FontProperties

font = FontProperties(fname='字体文件路径', size=14)  # 设置中文字体

plt.plot([1, 2, 3, 4], [1, 4, 9, 16])
plt.xlabel('横轴', fontproperties=font)  # 使用中文字体显示横轴标签
plt.ylabel('纵轴', fontproperties=font)  # 使用中文字体显示纵轴标签

plt.show()

It should be noted that when downloading and using fonts, you need to ensure that the font file is legal and does not infringe copyright.

Conclusion:
This article introduces the reasons for matplotlib Chinese garbled characters and provides two solutions. By modifying the default font settings or downloading and using fonts that support Chinese characters, we can solve the problem of Chinese garbled characters and display Chinese characters normally. I hope this article can help readers who encounter similar problems.

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