本文实例讲述了MySql查询时间段的方法。分享给大家供大家参考。具体方法如下:
MySql查询时间段的方法未必人人都会,下面为您介绍两种MySql查询时间段的方法,供大家参考。
MySql的时间字段有date、time、datetime、timestamp等,往往我们在存储数据的时候将整个时间存在一个字段中,采用datetime类型;也可能采用将日期和时间分离,即一个字段存储date,一个字段存储时间time。无论怎么存储,在实际应用中,很可能会出现包含“时间段”类型的查询,比如一个访问记录数据库,需要统计每天的访问数量,这个每天就是一个时间段。下面介绍MySql查询时间段的两种常见方法,其他数据库也可以类似实现。
方法一:传统方式,即指定开始时间和结束时间,用"between”或者""来建立条件,比如查询2010年3月1日到2010年3月2日的数据条数,则可以使用
代码如下:
select count(*) from sometable where datetimecolumn>='2010-03-01 00:00:00' and datetimecolumn
但是,这种方法由于时间不是整数型数据,所以在比较的时候效率较低,所以如果数据量较大,可以将时间转换为整数型的UNIX时间戳,这就是方法二。
方法二:UNIX时间戳,每个时间对应了一个唯一的UNIX时间戳,该时间戳是从'1970-01-01 00:00:00' 为0开始计时,每秒增加1。MySql内置了传统时间和UNIX时间的互换函数,分别为:
UNIX_TIMESTAMP(datetime)
FROM_UNIXTIME(unixtime)
比如运行
代码如下:
SELECT UNIX_TIMESTAMP('2010-03-01 00:00:00')
返回1267372800
运行
代码如下:
SELECT FROM_UNIXTIME(1267372800)
返回'2010-03-01 00:00:00'
于是,我们可以将时间字段里的数据替换为整型的UNIX时间,这样,比较时间就成为整数比较了,建立索引后能大大提高效率。在查询的时候,需要把起点时间和结尾时间分别转换为UNIX时间再进行比较,如:
代码如下:
select count(*) from sometable where datetimecolumn>=UNIX_TIMESTAMP('2010-03-01 00:00:00') and datetimecolumn
也可以在调用程序中先转换为UNIX时间再传入MySql,总之这种方式有利于快速查询时间段,不过显示时间则需要再反转一次。
希望本文所述对大家的MySQL数据库程序设计有所帮助。

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