Common application scenarios: Master the use of JS array sorting method sort()

Master JS array sorting: common application scenarios of the sort() method, specific code examples are required

In JavaScript, arrays are a commonly used data structure. Multiple elements can be stored and sorted in a specific order. JavaScript provides the sort() method to sort arrays. The sort() method can sort array elements according to the specified sorting rules. In this article, I will introduce common application scenarios of the sort() method and provide specific code examples.

1. Sort of numeric arrays
   For arrays containing numbers, the sort() method can sort according to the size of the numbers. By default, the sort() method sorts strings in Unicode order, so a comparison function is required to specify numerical sorting. The following is an example:

let numbers = [10, 5, 8, 1, 3];
numbers.sort((a, b) => a - b);
console.log(numbers); // 输出 [1, 3, 5, 8, 10]

In this example, we define an array of numbers, and then use the sort() method to sort it. In the comparison function, we use the a - b method to specify the sorting according to the size of the numbers. Finally, we output the sorted array.

2. Sorting of string arrays
   For arrays containing strings, the sort() method can sort the strings in alphabetical order. By default, the sort() method sorts strings in Unicode order. The following is an example:

let words = ['apple', 'banana', 'cat', 'dog'];
words.sort();
console.log(words); // 输出 ['apple', 'banana', 'cat', 'dog']

In this example, we define a string array words, and then use the sort() method to sort it. Since strings are sorted in Unicode order by default, we don't need to specify a comparison function in this example. Finally, we output the sorted array.

3. Custom sorting rules
   The sort() method can also use a custom comparison function to specify sorting rules. The comparison function needs to receive two parameters, usually called a and b, and then return a sorted result according to specific rules. Here is an example:

let animals = ['elephant', 'zebra', 'giraffe', 'lion'];
animals.sort((a, b) => a.length - b.length);
console.log(animals); // 输出 ['lion', 'zebra', 'giraffe', 'elephant']

In this example, we define a string array animals and then sort it using the sort() method. In the comparison function, we use the a.length - b.length method to specify sorting according to the string length. Finally, we output the sorted array.

4. Sort of object array
   For arrays containing objects, the sort() method can sort based on a certain attribute of the object. The comparison function needs to receive two parameters, usually called a and b, and then return a sorted result according to specific rules. The following is an example:

let students = [
    { name: 'Tom', age: 18 },
    { name: 'Jerry', age: 20 },
    { name: 'Alice', age: 19 }
];
students.sort((a, b) => a.age - b.age);
console.log(students); // 输出 [{ name: 'Tom', age: 18 }, { name: 'Alice', age: 19 }, { name: 'Jerry', age: 20 }]

In this example, we define an object array students and then use the sort() method to sort it. In the comparison function, we use the a.age - b.age method to specify sorting by age. Finally, we output the sorted array.

To sum up, the sort() method is a common method for sorting arrays in JavaScript. It can specify specific sorting rules according to different scenarios, and can be flexibly applied to various situations such as numeric arrays, string arrays, and object arrays. Mastering the use of the sort() method can enable us to better handle and operate arrays, thus improving development efficiency.

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