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HomeDatabaseMysql Tutorial使用SQL语句操作MYSQL字符编码_MySQL

-- 查看所有的字符编码

SHOW CHARACTER SET;

-- 查看创建数据库的指令并查看数据库使用的编码
show create database dbtest;

-- 查看数据库编码:

show variables like '%char%';

-- 设置character_set_server、set character_set_client和set character_set_results
set character_set_server = utf8; -- 服务器的默认字符集。使用这个语句可以修改成功,但重启服务后会失效。根本的办法是修改配置MYSQL文件MY.INI,character_set_server=utf8,配置到mysqld字段下。
set character_set_client = gbk; -- 来自客户端的语句的字符集。服务器使用character_set_client变量作为客户端发送的查询中使用的字符集。
set character_set_results = gbk; -- 用于向客户端返回查询结果的字符集。character_set_results变量指示服务器返回查询结果到客户端使用的字符集。包括结果数据,例如列值和结果元数据(如列名)。

-- 创建数据库时,设置数据库的编码方式
-- CHARACTER SET:指定数据库采用的字符集,utf8不能写成utf-8
-- COLLATE:指定数据库字符集的排序规则,utf8的默认排序规则为utf8_general_ci(通过show character set查看)
drop database if EXISTS dbtest;
create database dbtest CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;

-- 修改数据库编码
alter database dbtest CHARACTER SET GBK COLLATE gbk_chinese_ci;
alter database dbtest CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;

-- 创建表时,设置表、字段编码
use dbtest;
drop table if exists tbtest;
create table tbtest(
id int(10) auto_increment,
user_name varchar(60) CHARACTER SET GBK COLLATE gbk_chinese_ci,
email varchar(60),
PRIMARY key(id)
)CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;

-- 修改表编码
alter table tbtest character set utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;
-- 修改字段编码
ALTER TABLE tbtest MODIFY email VARCHAR(60) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;


-- 查看某字段使用的编码:
SELECT CHARSET(email) FROM tbtest;

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