使用MySQL时,如果发现事务无法回滚,但Hibernate、Spring、JDBC等配置又没有明显问题时,不要苦恼,先看看MySQL创建的表有没有问题,即表的类型。
InnoDB和MyISAM是在使用MySQL最常用的两个表类型,各有优缺点,视具体应用而定。基本的差别为:MyISAM类型不支持事务处理等高级处理,而InnoDB类型支持。MyISAM类型的表强调的是性能,其执行数度比InnoDB类型更快,但是不提供事务支持,而InnoDB提供事务支持已经外部键等高级数据库功能。
MyIASM是IASM表的新版本,有如下扩展:
二进制层次的可移植性。
NULL列索引。
对变长行比ISAM表有更少的碎片。
支持大文件。
更好的索引压缩。
更好的键吗统计分布。
更好和更快的auto_increment处理。
以下是一些细节和具体实现的差别:
1. InnoDB不支持FULLTEXT类型的索引。
2. InnoDB中不保存表的具体行数,也就是说,执行select count(*) from table时,InnoDB要扫描一遍整个表来计算有多少行,但是MyISAM只要简单的读出保存好的行数即可。注意的是,当count(*)语句包含where条件时,两种表的操作是一样的。
3. 对于AUTO_INCREMENT类型的字段,InnoDB中必须包含只有该字段的索引,但是在MyISAM表中,可以和其他字段一起建立联合索引。
4. DELETE FROM table时,InnoDB不会重新建立表,而是一行一行的删除。
5. LOAD TABLE FROM MASTER操作对InnoDB是不起作用的,解决方法是首先把InnoDB表改成MyISAM表,导入数据后再改成InnoDB表,但是对于使用的额外的InnoDB特性(例如外键)的表不适用。
另外,InnoDB表的行锁也不是绝对的,如果在执行一个SQL语句时MySQL不能确定要扫描的范围,InnoDB表同样会锁全表,例如update table set num=1 where name like “%aaa%”
任何一种表都不是万能的,只用恰当的针对业务类型来选择合适的表类型,才能最大的发挥MySQL的性能优势。
在MySQL 5.0里面,MyISAM和InnoDB存储引擎性能差别并不是很大,针对InnoDB来说,影响性能的主要是 innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit 这个选项,如果设置为1的话,那么每次插入数据的时候都会自动提交,导致性能急剧下降,应该是跟刷新日志有关系,设置为0效率能够看到明显提升,当然,同样你可以SQL中提交“SET AUTOCOMMIT = 0”来设置达到好的性能。另外,还听说通过设置innodb_buffer_pool_size能够提升InnoDB的性能,但是我测试发现没有特别明显的提升。
基本上我们可以考虑使用InnoDB来替代我们的MyISAM引擎了,因为InnoDB自身很多良好的特点,比如事务支持、存储过程、视图、行级锁定等等,在并发很多的情况下,相信InnoDB的表现肯定要比MyISAM强很多,当然,相应的在my.cnf中的配置也是比较关键的,良好的配置,能够有效的加速你的应用。

InnoDBBufferPool reduces disk I/O by caching data and indexing pages, improving database performance. Its working principle includes: 1. Data reading: Read data from BufferPool; 2. Data writing: After modifying the data, write to BufferPool and refresh it to disk regularly; 3. Cache management: Use the LRU algorithm to manage cache pages; 4. Reading mechanism: Load adjacent data pages in advance. By sizing the BufferPool and using multiple instances, database performance can be optimized.

Compared with other programming languages, MySQL is mainly used to store and manage data, while other languages such as Python, Java, and C are used for logical processing and application development. MySQL is known for its high performance, scalability and cross-platform support, suitable for data management needs, while other languages have advantages in their respective fields such as data analytics, enterprise applications, and system programming.

MySQL is worth learning because it is a powerful open source database management system suitable for data storage, management and analysis. 1) MySQL is a relational database that uses SQL to operate data and is suitable for structured data management. 2) The SQL language is the key to interacting with MySQL and supports CRUD operations. 3) The working principle of MySQL includes client/server architecture, storage engine and query optimizer. 4) Basic usage includes creating databases and tables, and advanced usage involves joining tables using JOIN. 5) Common errors include syntax errors and permission issues, and debugging skills include checking syntax and using EXPLAIN commands. 6) Performance optimization involves the use of indexes, optimization of SQL statements and regular maintenance of databases.

MySQL is suitable for beginners to learn database skills. 1. Install MySQL server and client tools. 2. Understand basic SQL queries, such as SELECT. 3. Master data operations: create tables, insert, update, and delete data. 4. Learn advanced skills: subquery and window functions. 5. Debugging and optimization: Check syntax, use indexes, avoid SELECT*, and use LIMIT.

MySQL efficiently manages structured data through table structure and SQL query, and implements inter-table relationships through foreign keys. 1. Define the data format and type when creating a table. 2. Use foreign keys to establish relationships between tables. 3. Improve performance through indexing and query optimization. 4. Regularly backup and monitor databases to ensure data security and performance optimization.

MySQL is an open source relational database management system that is widely used in Web development. Its key features include: 1. Supports multiple storage engines, such as InnoDB and MyISAM, suitable for different scenarios; 2. Provides master-slave replication functions to facilitate load balancing and data backup; 3. Improve query efficiency through query optimization and index use.

SQL is used to interact with MySQL database to realize data addition, deletion, modification, inspection and database design. 1) SQL performs data operations through SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE statements; 2) Use CREATE, ALTER, DROP statements for database design and management; 3) Complex queries and data analysis are implemented through SQL to improve business decision-making efficiency.

The basic operations of MySQL include creating databases, tables, and using SQL to perform CRUD operations on data. 1. Create a database: CREATEDATABASEmy_first_db; 2. Create a table: CREATETABLEbooks(idINTAUTO_INCREMENTPRIMARYKEY, titleVARCHAR(100)NOTNULL, authorVARCHAR(100)NOTNULL, published_yearINT); 3. Insert data: INSERTINTObooks(title, author, published_year)VA


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