How to use Go language to implement Websocket long connection maintenance

How to use Go language to implement Websocket long connection maintenance

Websocket is a protocol provided by HTML5 that can achieve two-way communication between the server and the client. In actual development, many scenarios require maintaining long connections in order to push data in real time or implement instant messaging functions. This article will introduce how to use Go language to implement Websocket long connection maintenance, including specific code examples.

1. Build a Go language development environment
First, we need to build a Go language development environment. For specific operations, please refer to the installation guide on the Go language official website.

2. Create a WebSocket server
Next, we start to create a WebSocket server. First, we need to import the github.com/gorilla/websocket library and define a global upgrader variable to upgrade the HTTP connection to a WebSocket connection.

import (
    "log"
    "net/http"

    "github.com/gorilla/websocket"
)

var upgrader = websocket.Upgrader{
    ReadBufferSize:  1024,
    WriteBufferSize: 1024,
}

Then, we create a processing function wsHandler to handle the client's WebSocket connection request.

func wsHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
    // 升级HTTP连接为WebSocket连接
    conn, err := upgrader.Upgrade(w, r, nil)
    if err != nil {
        log.Println(err)
        return
    }

    // 循环读取客户端发送的消息
    for {
        // 读取消息
        msgType, msg, err := conn.ReadMessage()
        if err != nil {
            log.Println(err)
            return
        }

        // 打印消息
        log.Printf("Received: %s
", msg)

        // 响应消息
        err = conn.WriteMessage(msgType, msg)
        if err != nil {
            log.Println(err)
            return
        }
    }
}

3. Start the WebSocket server
Next, we need to register the above wsHandler function as the processing function of the HTTP service and start the server listening port.

func main() {
    http.HandleFunc("/ws", wsHandler) // 注册处理函数
    log.Fatal(http.ListenAndServe(":8000", nil)) // 启动服务器
}

4. Create a WebSocket client
Finally, we create a simple WebSocket client to test the functionality of the server. We can use JavaScript or other tools to create a WebSocket client. Here we take JavaScript as an example.

// 创建WebSocket连接
const socket = new WebSocket('ws://localhost:8000/ws');

// 打开连接
socket.addEventListener('open', function (event) {
    socket.send('Hello Server');
});

// 接收消息
socket.addEventListener('message', function (event) {
    console.log('Received: ' + event.data);
});

// 关闭连接
socket.addEventListener('close', function (event) {
    console.log('Connection closed');
});

The above is a code example of using Go language to maintain Websocket long connection. Through this example, we can establish a simple WebSocket long connection and achieve real-time two-way communication between the server and the client. In actual development, we can expand and optimize the code according to specific needs to adapt to different scenarios and business needs.

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