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HomeDatabaseMysql Tutorial【MySQL】(1)初涉MySQL_MySQL

1. MySQL目录结构

bin:存储可执行文件

data:存储数据文件

docs:文档

include:存储包含的头文件

lib:存储库文件

share:错误消息和字符集文件

注意:这里是utf8而不是utf-8

2. 修改编码方式

一般需要修改MySQL安装目录下的my.ini配置文件中:

[mysql]

default-character-set=utf8

[mysqld]

character-set-server=utf8

3. 启动/关闭MySQL服务

(1). 可以使用windows--->服务--->MySQL服务--->启动/停止

(2). 使用命令行net start mysql启动服务、使用net stop mysql停止服务

 

 

4. 登录与退出

 

一些MySQL命令:

\

将bin路径添加到系统环境变量中,打开命令提示行:

登录:mysql -uroot -p -P3306 -h126.0.0.1,然后输入密码即可实现登录

退出:quit或者exit或者\q

5. 修改MySQL提示符

使用:mysql -uroot -proot --prompt 提示符

登录后可以使用:prompt 提示符

几种可以设置的特殊提示符:

\D:完整的日期

\d:当前数据库

\h:服务器名称

\u:当前用户

6. MySQL常用命令及语法规范

SELECT VERSION(); 显示当前服务器版本

SELECT NOW(); 显示当前日期时间

SELECT USER(); 显示当前用户

(1). 关键字与函数名称全部大写

(2). 数据库名称、表名称、字段名称全部小写

(3). SQL语句必须以分号结束

7. 操作数据库

创建数据库:CREATE {DATABASE | SCHEMA} [IF NOT EXISTS] db_name [DEFAULT] CHARACTER SET [=] charset_name;

查看当前服务器下的数据表列表:SHOW {DATABASES | SCHEMA} [LIKE 'pattern' | WHERE expr];

查看警告信息:SHOW WARNINGS;

查看创建信息:SHOW CREATE DATABASE db; (查看创建db数据库的语句)

使用gbk编码创建数据库:CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS db2 CHARACTER SET gbk;

修改数据库:ALTER {DATABASE | SCHEMA} [db_name] [DEFAULT] CHARACTER SET [=] charset_name;

删除数据库:DROP {DATABASE | SCHEMA} [IF EXISTS] db_name;

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