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HomeDatabaseMysql Tutorial分享一些简介操作MySQL日志的方法

这篇文章主要介绍了操作MySQL日志的一些方法,对日志的删除操作做了重点讲解,需要的朋友可以参考下。

我们可以在mysql的安装目录下看到mysql的二进制日志文件,如mysql-bin.000***等,很多人都不及时的处理,导致整个硬盘被塞满也是有可能的。这些是数据库的操作日志。它记录了我们平时使用的sql语句命令,即使这个sql语句没有被执行,也会被记录,它包括执行时间之类的都详细在案,其实 它的目的有两个:一是方便我们查错和恢复数据库;二是为了主从服务器之间同步数据用的,主从服务器上所有操作都记录在日志里,从服务器可以根据这些日志来进行相同的操作,确保主从两个同步。
查看mysql日志的命令:

#mysql -u user -p   //user代表你的mysql用户名

Enter password: (输入密码)        //输入密码后就进入mysql的控制台

mysql> show master logs;       //显示mysql日志文件
+------------------+-----------+
| Log_name       | File_size |
+------------------+-----------+
| mysql-bin.000010 | 63328652 |
+------------------+-----------+
1 row in set (0.06 sec)

也可以在mysql的命令模式下,输入以下命令:

mysql> show binary logs;        //查看二进制日志文件列表和大小
+------------------+-----------+
| Log_name     | File_size |
+------------------+-----------+
| mysql-bin.000010 | 63355376 |
+------------------+-----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

MASTER和BINARY是同义词。

删除mysql 二进制日志:

第一种方法是针对单独的mysql服务器,不适合主从同步的。切记!当然,如果你确保自己的主从同步已经完成了,那么也可以使用这个命令,但是我还是不怎么建议的。

第一种方法:mysql>reset master;            //清空所有mysql所有的二进制日志文件

主从同步,建议用以下两种方法:

首先,我们要知道从mysql服务器是否在读取日志,或者在读取哪个日志。

在从属服务器上输入一下命令:

mysql>show slave hosts     //查看所有连接到master的slave的信息

mysql>show slave status;        //检查从服务器在读取哪个日志

下面第二种和第三种方法中,当从服务器正在读取你正在删除的日志时候,就会失效,并且会有报错。如果从属服务器没有读取日志,而你又删了它启动后要读取的日志,那么当它启动后就不会复制。所以,下面两种方法可以安全删除日志文件。

主从服务器清理日志操作步骤如下:

  •     在每个从属服务器上,使用SHOW SLAVE STATUS来检查它正在读取哪个日志。

  •     使用SHOW MASTER LOGS获得主服务器上的一系列日志。

  •     在所有的从属服务器中判定最早的日志,这个是目标日志,如果所有的从属服务器是更新的,就是清单上的最后一个日志。

  •     清理所有的日志,但是不包括目标日志,因为从服务器还要跟它同步。

注意:最好做好你要删除的所有日志的备份,有备份,就不怕出错

第二种删除二进制日志的方法:

PURGE {MASTER | BINARY} LOGS TO 'log_name'

例子:

mysql>purge master logs to 'mysql-bin.000800';  //清楚mysql-bin.000800之前的二进制日志

第三种删除二进制日志的方法:

PURGE {MASTER | BINARY} LOGS BEFORE 'date'

例子:

mysql>purge master logs before '2012-12-22 12:12:12'; //删除2012-12-22 12:12:12这时间之前的二进制文件

第四种方法:就是修改my.cnf文件,在中[mysqld]中添加:

expire_logs_day=5       //设置日志的过期天数,过了指定的天数,会自动删除

第五种方法:禁止mysql的日志记录功能(单服务器)

修改my.cnf,注释掉下面两行:

#log-bin=mysql-bin
#binlog_format=mixed

然后重启mysql

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